XXV.] THE ILLINOIAN BERRY. 415 



regularly at its top and the inflorescence is less 

 strongly spreading in proportion to the number of 

 fruits it contains, and the fruit -stems are weak and 

 slender and more or less drooping. The calyx is very 

 large in the garden berries, a fact which Duchesne re- 

 corded in the name Fragaria calyailafa, which he 

 applied to the large -hulled forms like the old Bath 

 Scarlet, of which many are in cultivation at the pres- 

 ent time. The fruit in Illinoensis is small and soft, 

 and bright scarlet, usiially with a distinct neck and 

 deeply embedded seeds ; that of the garden berries 

 still maintains the features of the Chilian berry in its 

 large size, mostly globular -pointed form, dark color, 

 and seeds borne more nearly upon the surface. The 

 garden berries are in every way much farther removed 

 from the native berry than they are from the Chilian. 

 From the latter they differ most widely, as I have 

 said, in the taller growth and less hairiness ;* but 

 even in these features, they do not resemble very 

 closely the Illinoensis. It may be urged that all these 

 differences might have come about under the influence 

 of cultivation if Illinoensis itself had been the parent 

 of the garden forms, to which I reply that direct ex- 

 periment does not sustain the assumption, and that 

 the excellent engravings of the early forms of the 

 Pine strawberry show the same differences. It was 

 the study of these pictures which first led me seri- 

 ously to doubt the east -American origin of our straw - 



* It is often said tliat the fruit of the Chilian strawberry is erect, and that 

 the garden berries differ in a nodding fruit, but this is an error. While the 

 fruit stems of the true Chilian are stiff, I have never known them to be erect, 

 and in wild plants which I have grown, the fruit has the same drooping habit 

 as in the garden berries. The Chilian species probably varies naturally in its 

 fruiting habit, but I have yet to find an instance in which it holds its fruit 

 upright. 



