THE EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY 



595 



Hyoglossus muscle, beneath which the artery lies. The fibres of this muscle are now to be cut 

 through horizontally and the vessel exposed, care being taken, while near the vessel, not to 

 open the pharynx. 



Troublesome hemorrhage may occur in the division of the frenum in children if the ranine 

 arteries, which lie on each side of it, are wounded. The student should remember that the oper- 

 ation is always to be performed with a pair of blunt-pointed scissors, and the mucous membrane 

 only is to be divided by a very superficial cut, which cannot endanger any vessel. The scissors, 

 also, should be directed toward the floor of the mouth. Any further liberation of the tongue 

 which may be necessary can be effected by 



3. The facial artery (a. maxillaris externa) (Figs. 438 and 441) arises a little 

 above the lingual, and passes obliquely upward, beneath the Digastric and Stylo- 

 hyoid muscles, and frequently beneath the hypoglossal nerve; it now runs forward 



teria septi nasi. 

 Superior coronari, 



Inferior coronary. 

 Inferior labial. 



Fin. 441. The arteries of the face and scalp. The muscle tissue of the lips must be supposed to have been 

 cut away, in order to show the course of the coronary arteries. 



under cover of the body of the mandible, lodged in a groove on the posterior surface 

 of the submaxillary gland; this may be called the cervical part of the artery. It 

 then curves upward over the body of the mandible at the anterior inferior angle 

 of the Masseter muscle; passes forward and upward across the cheek to the angle 

 of the mouth, then upward along the side of the nose, and terminates at the inner 

 canthus of the eye, under the name of the angular artery. The facial artery, both 

 in the neck and on the face, is remarkably tortuous; in the former situation its tor- 

 tuosity enables it to accommodate itself to the movements of the pharynx in deglu- 

 tition, and in the latter to the movements of the mandible and the lips and cheeks. 



