THE STOMACH 



1279 



PLEXUS 



BENEATH THE 



EPITHELIUM 



GLANDULAR 

 PLEXUS 



solitary follicles of the intestine, and are by some termed the lenticular follicles of the stom- 

 ach. They are not, however, so distinctly circumscribed as the solitary follicles. 



The pyloric glands (glandulae pyloricae} (Fig. 1003) are the branched tubular glands, and 

 secrete mucus and pepsin. 



They are placed most plentifully about the pylorus, but between the fundus and pylorus, in 

 the region known as the transitional or intermediate zone, both true gastric glands and pyloric 

 glands are found. Each pyloric gland consists of two or three short tubes opening into a com- 

 mon mouth or duct, the external orifice of which 

 is situated at the bottom of a crypt. The tubes 

 are wavy, and are of about equal length with the 

 duct. The tubes and duct are lined throughout 

 with simple epithelium, the duct being lined by 

 columnar cells continuous with the epithelium 

 lining the surface of the mucous membrane of 

 the stomach, the tubes with tall, broad, and 

 pale-staining cells, which are finely granular. 

 The pyloric glands branch more frequently, are 

 more curved in direction, and open into deeper 

 foveolse than the true gastric glands (Szymono- 

 wicz). They contain only chief or peptic cells 

 and do not possess parietal cells. These glands, 

 at times, extend into the submucous coat. 



The cardiac glands are found about the osso- 

 phageal orifice. They resemble the glands of the 

 oesophagus and are mucous in character. 



External to the tunica propria of the mucous 

 membrane, and between it and the submucous 

 coat, is a thin stratum of involuntary muscle tis- 

 sue (muscularis mucosae), which in some parts 



consists only of a single longitudinal layer; in others, of two layers, an inner circular, and an 

 outer longitudinal. 



Vessels and Nerves. The arteries supplying the stomach are the gastric, the pyloric, 

 and the right gastroepiploic branch of the gastroduodenal, the left gastroepiploic and vasa 

 brevia from the splenic. The gastric artery passes to the lesser curvature just below the cardia. 

 It gives off the cesophageal branch, and passes from left to right along the lesser curvature of the 

 stomach beneath the peritoneum between the two layers of the lesser omentum and upon the 

 wall of the stomach. It may in this course be a single vessel, or may divide into two branches, 



ARTERIOLE 



PLEXUS OF 



BLOODVESSELS 



IN SUBMUCOUS 



TISSUE 



FIG. 1005. Terminations of the bloodvessels in 

 the mucous membrane of the stomach. (Poirier 

 and Charpy.) 



GASTRODUODENAL 

 ARTERY 



RIGHT GASTRO- 

 EPIPLOIC ARTERY 



LEFT GASTRO- 

 EPIPLOIC ARTERY 



FIG. 1006. The arteries of the anterior surface of the stomach. (Poirier and Charpy.) 



which run along each side of the lesser curvature (Fig. 1006). If there is a single artery, it gives 

 off six or seven descending branches to the anterior wall and about the same number to the pos- 

 terior wall of the stomach. It also gives branches to the lesser omentum. If two vascular 

 arches form, one gives branches to the anterior wall of the stomach, the other to the posterior 



