THE LIVER 1325, 



The right lobe (lobus hepatis dexter) (Figs. 1063 and 1064) is much larger than 

 the left, the proportion between them being as six to one. It occupies the right 

 hypochondrium, and is separated from the left lobe, on its upper and anterior 

 surfaces, by the falciform ligament; on its under and posterior surfaces by the longi- 

 tudinal fissure; and in front by the umbilical notch. It is of a somewhat quadri- 

 lateral form, its under and posterior surfaces being marked by three fissures 

 the transverse fissure, the fissure for the gall-bladder, and the fissure for the inferior 

 vena cava, which separate its left part into three smaller lobes the lobus Spigelii, 

 lobus quadratus, and lobus caudatus. On it are seen four shallow impressions one 

 in front, for the hepatic flexure of the colon; a second behind, for the right kidney; 

 a third internal, between the last-named and the gall-bladder, for the second part 

 of the duodenum; and a fourth on its posterior surface, for the suprarenal gland. 



The lobus quadratus (Figs. 1064 and 1065) is situated on the under surface of 

 the right lobe, is bounded in front by the inferior margin of the liver; behind, 

 by the transverse fissure; on the right, by the fissure of the gall-bladder; on the 

 left, by the umbilical fissure. It is oblong in shape, its antero-posterior diameter 

 being greater than its transverse. 



The lobus Spigelii (lobus caudatus [Spigelii]) (Figs. 1064 and 1065) is situated 

 upon the posterior surface of the right lobe of the liver. It looks directly back- 

 ward, and is nearly vertical in direction. It is bounded below by the transverse 

 fissure, on the right by the fissure for the inferior vena cava, and on the left by 

 the fissure for the ductus venosus. It is longer from above downward, and is 

 somewhat concave in the transverse direction. Its lower end usually projects in 

 the form of a rounded process, the tuber papillare (processus papillaris). 



The lobus caudatus (processus caudatus} (Fig. 1064), or tailed lobe, is a small 

 elevation of the hepatic substance extending obliquely outward, from the lower 

 extremity of the Spigelian lobe to the under surface of the right lobe. It is situated 

 behind the transverse fissure, and separates the fissure for the gall-bladder from 

 the commencement of the fissure for the inferior vena cava. 



The left lobe (lobus hepatis sinister) (Figs. 1063 and 1064) is smaller and more 

 flattened than the right. It is situated in the epigastric and left hypochondriac 

 regions. Its upper surface is slightly convex; its under surface is concave, 

 and presents a shallow depression for the stomach, the gastric impression. This is 

 situated in front of the groove for the oesophagus, and is separated from the longi- 

 tudinal fissure by the omental tuberosity, which lies against the small omentum 

 and lesser curvature of the stomach. The posterior end of the left lobe frequently 

 exhibits a flat projection, composed of connective tissue, and called the appendix 

 fibrosus hepatis. In the adult, portions only of bile ducts are present in it. In 

 the newborn it is a definite portion of secreting liver substance, which later under- 

 goes connective-tissue transformation. 



Ligaments. The liver is connected to the under surface of the Diaphragm 

 and the anterior walls of the abdomen by five ligaments, four of which are peri- 

 toneal folds; the fifth is a round, fibrous cord, resulting from the occlusion of 

 he umbilical vein. These ligaments are the falciform, two lateral, coronary, and 



mnd. It is also attached to the lesser curvature of the stomach by the gastro- 



' patic or small omentum (p. 1260). 



Ct lie falciform ligament (lig amentum falciforme hepatis) (Figs. 1066 and 1067) 



^' broad and thin antero-posterior peritoneal fold, falciform in shape, its base 



' lL g directed downward and backward, its apex upward and backward. It is 



SU .ched bv one margin to the under surface of the Diaphragm, and the posterior 



Sl face of the sheath of the right Rectus muscle as low down as the umbilicus; 



ts hepatic margin it extends from the notch on the anterior margin of the liver. 



, 'ir back as its posterior surface. It is composed of two layers of peritoneum 

 >0 -ly united. Its free edge contains the round ligament of the liver. 



