117 



the twelfth caudal vertebra inclusive : the neural arches are complete to the fourteenth caudal 

 vertebra. BOOM of the terminal vertebrae are wanting from this skeleton. 



The luemal arch answering to that attached to the occiput in Fiahcs is naturally detached 

 from that segment, ami has beeti frrt-ly suspended in the flesh opposite the fourth vertebra 

 from the occiput. The upper element or supra-scapula ' is cartilaginous : the ' scapula ' in 

 ossified, and sends a broad plate forwards from its humeral half ; the broad ' coraooids ' are 

 cartilaginous. The extremities of the burner! and femora, of the bones of the fore-arm and 

 of the leg, of the carpus and tarsus are cartilaginous, as in the embryos of the higher ani- 

 mals, and continue so through life in the Menopomc. The fore-foot has four digits ; the 

 hind-foot five. 



The number* on the bones of the skull indicate their names according to Table I. of 

 SYNONYMS. 



Mw. South. 



584. The atlas of the Menopomc. 



The body of the atlas presents anteriorly an odontoid process) separating the two articular 

 surfaces for the occipital condyles ; it is deeply excavated posteriorly. The neural arch ter- 

 minates above in a ridge : it developes posteriorly two oblique processes, ' zygapuphyses,' 

 whose articular surfaces look downwards. This vertebra has neither diapophyses nor pleur- 

 apophyan. 



Iluatena*. 



585. Eight abdominal or dorsal vertebra: of the Menopome, wanting the plcurapo- 



phyaes. 



The basal interspace between the confluent parapophysis and diapophysis answers to the 

 foramen in the transverse process of the ' cervical vertebrae ' of birds and mammals, and gives 

 passage to an artery, which has here been injected, answering to the vertebral artery in the 

 same classes. The centrum terminates below in a longitudinal ridge, and has a deep conical 

 excavation at both extremities. The neural arch has coalesced with the centrum : it is broad 

 and depressed, with a tubercular rudiment of a spine posteriorly : it sends out two prezyg- 

 apophyses looking upwards and two postzygapophyses looking downwards. 



Hunterian. 



586. A longitudinal section of a dorsal vertebra of the Menopome, showing the fonn 



and depth of the anterior and (mstcrior articular cavities. The arterial canal 

 in the compound ' transverse process ' is exposed. 



Prepared by Prof. Oven, F.R.S. 



587. Seven abdominal and five caudal vertebne, with the intervening sacral vertebra, 



of the Menopome. 



