120 



594. The skeleton of the common Frog (Rana temporaria). The number of verte- 



brae from the atlas to the sacrum inclusive is nine ; there are no ossified pleur- 

 apophyses, and in most other respects the skeleton resembles that of the 

 larger species, Rana boans. Presented by Henry Cline, Esq. 



595. A skeleton of the common Frog. Mm. South. 



596. A skeleton of a species of Rana, apparently the male of Rana temporaria, with 



the ridge continued from the internal condyle, or the shaft of the humerus, 

 unusually developed. Purchased. 



Genus Bufo. 



597. The skeleton of the common Toad (Bufo vulgar is). 



The number of vertebrae is the same as in the common Frog, but the diapophyses of the 

 third and fourth vertebrae are relatively longer, those of the sacral vertebrae relatively shorter, 

 broader, more depressed and expanded at their extremities. The modified pleurapophyses of 

 the sacrum, or ' iliac bones,' are relatively shorter and more arched. The femora are shorter 

 than the ilia, and the tibiae are shorter than the femora. The hind-foot is also much shorter 

 than in the Frog. The bones of the fore-extremity are relatively larger ; the deltoid ridge of 

 the humerus is more developed, but those which extend from the outer and inner condyles 

 are less developed than in the Frog. 



Mm. South. 



Genus Cystignatlius. 



598. The skeleton of the thick-legged Toad (Cystignatlius pacliypus). 



It differs from the common Toad chiefly by the singular form of its humerus, arising from 

 the great development of the osseous ridges extending from the outer and inner condyles, 

 which pass backwards, converge, and unite with a broad plate of bone developed from the 

 whole of the back part of the humerus. Two ridges arise from the fore part of the upper 

 half of the humerus, viz. an outer deltoid, and an inner pectoral ridge. The proximal 

 end of the humerus is an epiphysis. The clavicles are stronger than in the common Toad, 

 and nearly equal the coracoids in thickness. The antibrachial bones are shorter in proportion 

 to the humerus. The pollex is short and rudimental. A broad, irregular plate of bone is 

 developed from the metacarpal bone of the index digit, which is probably a sexual peculiarity, 

 and indicates the present skeleton to have belonged to a male. The sacral diapophyses are 

 subcylindrical. The tibia is longer than the femur, and the bones of the hind-foot, in their 

 length and slenderness, accord with those characters in the Frog tribe. 



Purchased. 



