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1979. The atlas and axis. 



1980. The four succeeding cervical vertebrae. 



1981. The dorsal vertebrae, with the last cervical and first and second lumbar ver- 

 tebrae. The transverse processes of the last cervical are perforated : they do 

 not abut against the diapophyses of the first dorsal. 



The Capybara gives one of the best illustrations of the distinction of the metapophyses 

 (Apophyses antobliques of Straus-Durckheim) from the true anterior oblique processes. The 

 metapophysis may be distinguished as a tubercle above the diapophysis from the third to the 

 eighth dorsal vertebrae inclusive : at the eighth and ninth it begins to project forwards ; in 

 the tenth it is longer than the diapophysis that supports it; in the eleventh the metapo- 

 physis begins to shift its position, and rises half-way between the diapophysis and the pro- 

 zygapophysis ; in the twelfth dorsal it rises behind the prozygapophysis ; in the fourteenth it 

 has got above that process, and the articular surface begins to ascend upon the inner side of 

 its base : the change of place and aspect of that surface is completed in the lumbar series. 

 The anapophysis separates itself from the metapophysis in the eleventh dorsal, and pro- 

 gressively increases to the penultimate dorsal, beyond which it decreases, and it disappears 

 on the fifth lumbar. The diapophysis is suppressed in the last four dorsal vertebrae. This 

 is again developed suddenly, and of a quadrate flattened form, upon the first lumbar vertebra, 

 where it coexists with both anapophysis and metapophysis, the latter being reduced in sire. 

 The last dorsal receives the whole of the articular surface for the head of its rib. 



1982. The last four lumbar vertebrae. 1983. The sacrum. 



1984. The eight caudal vertebrae. 



The neural canal is completely exposed in the fifth. 



1985. The right scapula. 



1986. The right humerus. 



The intercondyloid space is perforated, but not the inner condyle. 



1987. The left humerus, in longitudinal section. 



1988. The right ulna. 1989. The right radius. 



3 A 



