818 



The anterior border of the ilium is much shorter and thicker ; there is no trace of that ac- 

 cessory small tubercle which is observable in the Chimpanzee above the larger supracotyloid 

 rugosity. The acetabulum is nearly double the size of that in the Chimpanzee, but does not 

 exceed that of the Gorilla : it is turned more towards the back of the os innominatum. The 

 great ischiatic notch is shorter, but much deeper ; the spine of the ischium is more produced ; 

 the lesser ischiatic notch is more concave, but of the same length. The tuberosity of the 

 ischium is convex, and is continued upon the outer part of the bone to near the acetabulum ; 

 in the Chimpanzee it is more flattened, is carried further down from the acetabulum, and its 

 outer margin is produced. The pubis is shorter and much thicker than in the Chimpanzee. 

 The symphysial boundary of the obturator foramen is much narrower and less curved. The 

 form of that foramen, which is of the same size as in the Chimpanzee, is different, the great 

 end of the oval being upwards, instead of downwards : its shape is further modified in the 

 Chimpanzee by a thin angular process of bone which projects from the acetabular border. 

 This process is not present in the Orang-utan, in which the foramen is larger than in the 

 Chimpanzee, with the small end of the oval upwards and the long axis of the foramen directed 

 as in the Chimpanzee from above downwards and forwards instead of downwards and back- 

 wards as in Man. The oblique groove beneath the pubic boundary of the foramen in Man is 

 not present in either the Chimpanzee or Orang-utan. The cotyloid notch is narrower in the 

 Chimpanzee than in Man, and is still more contracted in the Orang-utan. The symphysis 

 pubis is much shorter than in either of the great Anthropoid apes. 



5259. The right femur. 



5260. The left femur. 



This bone is three-sevenths longer than in the Chimpanzee : the shaft is more cylindrical ; 

 and, instead of being subcompressed from before backwards, the back part is produced into 

 an obtuse ridge or ' linea aspera,' which is feebly marked in the Gorilla. The head is rela- 

 tively larger as compared with the shaft : the neck is longer, but less thick : the angle at 

 which it leaves the shaft is more obtuse in the present specimen from the Negro, but such is not 

 the case in other Human femora, especially of the White races. The pit for the ligamentum 

 teres is more excentric : the depression near the great trochanter at the root of the neck is 

 smaller; the anterior ridge or rugosity defining the neck is not present in the Chimpanzee. 

 The lesser trochanter projects less backwards and more inwards than in the Chimpanzee. 

 The condyles are more suddenly expanded in Man : the rotular trochlea is deeper : the 

 antero-posterior extent of the condyles is greater, especially of the outer one ; but the ecto- 

 condyloid tuberosity is less marked and less uneven : the breadth of the articular surface of 

 the two condyles is nearly equal, especially posteriorly. The intercondyloid notch is deeper, 

 owing to the more backward production of the condyles. The entocondyloid tuberosity is 

 less produced. The inner condyle is more produced in the axis of the bone, which makes 

 the shaft incline outwards when the two condyles rest on a horizontal surface. In the Gorilla, 

 Chimpanzee and Orang, the shaft of the femur rises perpendicularly above the condyles 

 similarly placed on a flat surface. 



