82 The Destiny of Man. 



now begun. Whereas the only conceiva- 

 ble bond of political combination had here- 

 tofore been blood-relationship, a new basis 

 was now furnished by territorial conti- 

 guity and by community of occupation. 

 The supply of food was no longer strictly 

 limited, for it could be indefinitely in- 

 creased by peaceful industry; and more- 

 over, in the free exchange of the products 

 of labour, it ceased to be true that one 

 man's interest was opposed to another's. 

 Men did not at once recognize this fact, 

 and indeed it has not yet become univer- 

 sally recognized, so long have men per- 

 sisted in interpreting the conditions of 

 industrial life in accordance with the im- 

 memorial traditions of the time when the 

 means of subsistence were strictly limited, 

 so that one man's success meant another's 

 starvation. Our robber tariffs miscalled 

 " protective " are survivals of the bar- 

 barous mode of thinking which fitted the 

 ages before industrial civilization began. 

 But although the pacific implications of 



