456 ACROSS AFRICA. [Chap. 



the rainy season and form a noble stream flowing to the Mala- 

 garazi, and often spreading three and four miles over the adja- 

 cent country. 



Ugara, lying beyond Southern ISTgombe, is a flat plain covered 

 with forest and jungle, except in places where the natives have 

 made a clearance and formed a settlement. 



From the summit of some small hills an unbroken horizon of 

 tree -tops was seen in every direction save north - north - west, 

 where two or three small conical hills appeared. 



To the westward the country becomes more undulating; a 

 series of hills of wave-like form rising gradually on their east- 

 ern sides, and on the west falling precipitously to the level of 

 the plain, whence many streams flowed toward the Malagarazi. 



*l1 



VIOTOK KM.MANUEl. MOUNTAINS, LAKE TANGANYIKA. 



The Kawendi Mountains, on the west of Ugara, rise some- 

 times to the height of seven thousand feet above the sea-level, 

 and are principally of granite formation ; but jjatches of sand- 

 stone and a sort of immature clay-slate are also seen. The cliff- 

 like sides and jutting promontories of this range suggest the 

 idea of it having once been an archipelago. 



The fli'st part of Uvinza is very similar to Ivawendi until the 

 plain of the Malagarazi is reached at Ugaga ; the river then 



