460 ACROSS AFRICA. [Chap. 



Kabogo is not very striking, but it is well known as the point 

 of departure of canoes bound to the islands of Kisenga on the 

 west. 



South of Eas Kabogo the lake forms a deep bay, into which 

 many streams flow. The shores are low and marshy, though a 

 short way back from the coast large mountains rise abruptly; 

 and it was from one of these, Mount Massowah, that Living- 

 stone and Stanley took their last look of the lake. 



The southern limit of this bay is defined by Ras Kungwe, 

 formed by a groin of the mountains of Tongwe. The first 

 steps are seen rising almost precipitously out of the lake as 

 soon as the cape is rounded, and down their faces rushing tor- 

 rents are here and there visible through the tangled verdure 

 which clothes the cliffs. 



Grand masses of mountains rise behind, but, being hidden 

 by those near the coast, are only visible from the western side 

 of the lake, whence they present a magnificent cou^ d?ml. 



The mountains continue to overhang the lake for some way 

 to the south, then, receding from the shore, allow secondary 

 lines of smaller grassy and wooded hills to rise between them 

 and it. 



At Ras Kiscra Miaga the main ridge seems to turn back to 

 the eastward, and after a time to meet another range, which 

 again overhangs the lake from the mouth of the Ruguvu to 

 Ras Makanyazi. 



In the angle between these two ranges lies a low country 

 with small rounded hills, where many fan-palms and timber- 

 trees flourish. Off this land lies the large level and fertile isl- 

 and of Kabogo. It is separated from the main by a channel 

 in places nearly a mile wide, but narrows at both ends where 

 there are sand-bars. 



The hills overhanging the lake beyond the Ruguvu often 

 take the form of cliffs, and on the face of one of these I saw 

 a patch of what I believe to be coal lying in a great synclinal 

 curve of other strata. The lake was so rough when we passed 

 that it was impossible to land to get a specimen ; but a piece 

 of coal from Itawa was given me, and is probably of the same 

 sort. It is a light, bright, splintery coal, very slightly bitumi- 

 nous. 



