

CETRARIA. 31 



8. C. Islandica (L.) Ach. ; thallus tufted, erect, sub-folia- 

 ceous, irregularly laciniate, mostly canaliculate, or the margins 

 now conuivent and here and there often uniting, ciliate-spinu- 

 lose, and beset for the most part, especially below, with white 

 soredia; olivaceous-chestnut, stained more or less sanguineous at 

 the base ; apothecia ample to large, aduate, disk dark-chestnut. 

 Spores ellipsoid, ^^ mic. Spermogoues in spinules ; spermatia 

 oblong, cylindrical.- Ach. L. U. p. 512. Fr. L. E. p. 36. Nyl. 

 Syn. I, p. 298. 



b. Dellscei (Bor.); paler throughout, and brown at the base, 



with much divided summits. Nyl. Scand. p. 79. C. hiascens, 



Th. Fr. Scand. p. 98. 



On the earth, in alpine districts, abundant. Muhlenberg 

 Catal. 18J8. Arctic America, Richardson, etc. White Mount- 

 ains, Tuckerman. Carolina Mountains, Michaux. Rocky Mount- 

 ains, Hall. Oregon, Hall. Also in barren fields on the coast, 

 sterile, New England, Tuckerman. Delaware Water Gap, 



Austin. b. Arctic America, Herb. Hook., etc. Newfoundland, 



Despreaux. North shore of Lake Superior, Agassiz. White 

 Mountains. Sometimes suggesting the next. 



9. C. Richardsonii (Hook.); thallus prostrate, sub-foliaceous, 

 divaricately divided, and the somewhat channelled extremities 

 multifid; fulvous- at length chestnut-brown. " Apothecia ample, 

 marginal, disk yellowish-brown, margin irregular." " Spores 

 rnic. Spermogones papillaeform ; spermatia oblong, a little con- 

 stricted at the middle." Hook, in Richards. Append, to Frankl. 



Narr.p. 761. Platysma, Nyl. Syn. \,p. 306. 



Arctic America (barren grounds, north of Great Slave Lake, 

 Richardson), Hooker I. c. 1823. 



10. C. cucullata (Bell.) Ach.; thallus tufted, erect, rather 

 sparingly sinuate-laciniate, the margins undulate and couniveut; 

 straw-coloured, stained more or less purple at the base, smooth; 

 apothecia ample to large, adnate to the under side of the dilated 

 and hooded fertile lobes, disk chestnut, margin thin, entire. 

 Spores ellipsoid, -^ mic. Spermogones papillseform ; sperma- 

 tia oblong, thicker at each end. Ach. L. U. p. 511. Fr. L. E. 



p. 87. Nyl. Syn. I, p. 302. 



On the earth in alpine districts. Arctic America (Richard- 

 son), Hooker I. c. 1823. White Mountains, Tuckerman. Rocky 

 Mountains, Hall. 



