84 UMBILICARIA. 



2. U. cylindrica (L.) Delis. ; thallus of middling size, com- 

 monly many-leaved, coriaceous, round-lobed, smoothish, bluish- 

 grey, or now smoke-coloured, fringed for the most part with 

 black fibrils; beneath pale and more or less sparingly fibrillose; 

 apothecia small to almost middling, orbicular, from adnate and 

 sub-simple soon elevated, convex, and copiously plicate. Spores 



ellipsoid, fuscescent, or decolorate, mic. U. proboscidea, 



/?, Fr. L. E. p. 356. Gyrophora probosc., Turn. & Borr. Lich. 

 Brit. p. 219. 



High alpine and arctic rocks. Bear Lake (Herb. Hook.), 

 Tuckerman Syn. 1848. Greenland, Vahl. Labrador, Herb. 

 Schwein. Newfoundland (U. Delism, Despr.), Despreaux. 



3. U. proboscidea (L.) Stenh.; thallus middling-sized, one- 

 leaved, sub-membranaceous, flattish, few-lobed, with irregularly 

 scalloped, now lacerate edges, reticulately wrinkled, especially 

 at the pruinose centre; blackish-brown; beneath paler, now 

 grey-pruinose, rather sparingly fibrillose ; apothecia small, or- 

 bicular, becoming elevated and plicate. Spores ellipsoid and 



oblong, simple, mostly decolorate, ^^ mic. U. proboscidea, 



a, Fr. L. E. p. 354. Tuck. exs. n. 49. Gyrophora deusta, Turn. 

 & Borr. L. B. p. 222. 



b. arctica, Ach. ; thallus thickened and rigid, very rugged, 

 beneath naked. 



Alpine rocks. Arctic America (Eichardsori), Hooker I. c. 



1823. Greenland, Vahl. Newfoundland, Despreaux. White 

 Mountains, Tuckerman. North shore of Lake Superior, Agas- 

 siz. Mexico, Nylander. b, Newfoundland, Despreaux. Green- 

 land, Vahl. White Mountains. Mexico, Nylander. 



4. U. anthracina (Wulf.) Schser.; thallus of middling size, 

 coriaceous, rigid, smooth, or areolate-rimulose; blackish-brown; 

 beneath smooth, or minutely granulated, and for the most part 

 black-pruinose, without fibrils ; apothecia small, elevated, or- 

 bicular, simple. [Spores oblong, simple, decolorate, l ^j- mic.] 

 U. atro-pruinosa, Fr. L. E.p. 351. Nyl. Scand. p. 113. 



b. reticulata, Schaer. ; reticulately wrinkled above. 



Alpine rocks. Arctic America (b.) E. Brown (Parry's Voy.) 



1824. Greenland, Vahl. Newfoundland, Despreaux. On the 

 Yellowstone, Herb. Willey. White Mountains (b.), Tuckerman. 

 The plant of the White Mountains does not differ, but is in- 



