116 PANNARIA. 



the tips, and clothed beneath with a blackening, spongy nap ; 

 apothecia middling to ample, concave ; the red disk bordered by 

 an elevated, rugose-plicate margin. Spores broad ellipsoid, sim- 

 ple, decolorate, ^j mic. Collema byrsinum, Ach. L. U. p. 642. 



C. Boryanum, Pers., Mont, in Ann. 3, 10, p. 133. 



Trees in tropical regions; Island of Cuba; and, probably, 

 Mexico. 



2. P. luridum (Mont.) ; thallus middling-sized, coriaceous, 

 sub-monophyllous, wrinkled and powdery; from greenish-glau- 

 cous becoming yellowish-gray, and livid ; the rather wide, irregu- 

 larly radiant lobes imbricated, and sinuate; clothed beneath, 

 more or less densely, with a pale but blackening hypothallus ; 

 apothecia middling-sized; a rugose- crenate margin bordering a 

 reddish-brown disk. Spores rounded- and broad-ellipsoid, now 



pointedly tipped, simple, decolorate, ^"jjj mic. Collema, Mont. 



Cent. 3, 76, & Bonite, p. 115, t. 146, /. 3. Parmelia (Amphiloma), 

 Russellii, Tuckerm. Syn. N. E. p. 35. Pannaria, Nyl. Enum. 



Trees, dead wood, and rocks, New England (Russell), Tuck- 

 erman Enum. 1845. New Jersey, Austin. Virginia, Tuckerman. 

 South Carolina, Eavenel. Alabama, Peters. Missouri, Hall. Oc- 

 curring also in Japan (Wright), and in the tropics. The dis- 

 tinctly parenchymatous cortex is the chief difference in structure 

 between this and the preceding. 



XXII. PANNARIA, Delis. 



Apothecia now scutellseform and lecanorine ; now with 

 both thalline and proper margins (zeorine) ; and now simply 

 biatorine. Spores ovoid-ellipsoid and oblong; simple; or 

 bi-quadrilocular; or rarely muriform-multiloeular ; brown- 

 ish, or, more often, decolorate. Spermatia (in so far as 

 known) oblong; on multi-articulate sterigmas. Thallus sub- 

 foliaceous, either mouophyllous, or laciniate-multifld ; or 

 squamulose; becoming at last semi-crustaceous. Hypo- 

 thallus spongy ; or extenuate ; or obsolete. Gonimous layer 

 constituted either (sect. 1, 2) of gonidia, or (sect. 3) of both 

 gouidia and gonimia, or, more often, and, in all the remain- 

 ing sections, of gonimia alone ; which, and as well the fila- 

 mentous and parenchymatous tissues, anticipate variously 

 the features of the next family. 



