COLLEMA. 151 



On the earth. In the valley of the Rio Grande, Texas 

 (Wright), Tuckerman I. c. 1862. Oakland, California, Eolander. 

 - Reduced European conditions of C. pulposum are described 

 much as this ; but I have seen nothing like our plant ; which 

 appears also to be distinguishable by the spores. 



C. plicatile, Schaer. ; thallus orbicular, coriaceous, 

 laciniate ; blackish-green ; the centrifugal, ascendant divisions 

 undulate-plicate, the centre imbricate -lobate; apothecia smaller 

 than in C. pulposum, commonly concave, very entire. Spores 

 ovoid- ellipsoid, sub-muriform, oftener with four series of spore- 

 cells, and measuring 1 ^J mic., according to Nylander; but at 

 length with six to eight series, and measuring |^ mic., accord- 

 ing to Arnold. -- Schcer. Spirit, p. 543; Enum. p. 258. Nyl. 

 Syn. 1, p. 109. 



Calcareous (and other) rocks. Iceland ; and, in Europe, from 

 Norway to the Mediterranean; Nyl. - The C. plicatile of Acha- 

 rius, the only lichen of the name, so far as appears in print, that 

 he knew, was from granitic rocks of Lake Wettern in Sweden, 

 and, according to Nylander (Scand. p. 29) is really C. furvum 

 Ach.; which I have myself seen referred to C. plicatile by 

 Floerke, probably not without authority. But, according to 

 Schaerer (Spirit. 1. c.), his calcareous plant which now passes for 

 C. plicatile, is the same at once with that of Acharius, as with 

 the differing one of Fries (Lick. Suec. n. 96). The two appear 

 to approach, as in the C. plicatile v. riparium, Krempelh. herb. ; 

 but the latter (C. plicatile, Schser.) is evidently and closely akin 

 to C. pulposum, under which in fact, Arnold (Fragm.) has reck- 

 oned it. This lichen is most unsatisfactorily exhibited in the 

 published Lich. exsicc. ; as in such other specimens as are known 

 to me. It may well occur here.] 



13. C. meltznum, Ach.; thallus middling-sized, orbiculate, 

 coriaceous, lacero - laciniate ; black -green; the radiant, elon- 

 gated divisions narrow, zigzag, channelled, with elevated, wavy, 

 crisped, and crenate edges, which are often complicate ; apo- 

 thecia sub-marginal, small to middling-sized, flattish; with a 

 somewhat entire or crenate thalline margin. Spores ovoid-ellip- 

 soid, from 4-locular soon becoming sub-muriform, decolorate, 

 | mic. - Ach. L. U. p. 636. Nyl. Syn. 1, p. 108. 



b. potycarpum, Schaer. ; reduced, the lobes much narrowed, 



