LECAXORA. 181 



species vary from 8 (Nylander; including probably the Calo- 

 placa subsimilis, Th. Fr. Scand. p. 181, which is not said to 

 differ otherwise) to 12, 24, and apparently now as to many as 

 40. Our plant appears to be better developed than the Euro- 

 pean as known to me, and abundant apothecia are now found 

 of l-2 mic. diameter. 



27. P. luteo-minium, Tuckerm. ; thallus crustaceous, thin, 

 squamaceous-glebous, granulose, and obsolescent ; dirty-white ; 

 apothecia of almost middling size, biatorine; the flat disk from, 

 orange becoming vermillion-coloured, and the entire, obtuse 

 margin radiately striate. Spores 8-12 and more in the thekes; 

 oblong and bean-shaped, bilocular, ^J mic. Lich. Calif, p. 18. 



On the earth. San Diego, California, Dr. J. G. Cooper. The 

 spores are very various in number, occurring 3, -4, -8 (the last 

 commonly), -10,-12, and over, in the thekes; and once observed 

 4-locular. 



XXXI. LECANOBA, Ach., Tuckerm. 



Apothecia scutellseform, now zeorine. Spores from ellip- 

 soid passing into oblong ; simple 5 or rarely 2-4-locular ; or 

 elongated-fusiform and 4-plurilocular, colourless. Sperma- 

 tia oblong, or staff-shaped ; or needle-shaped and bowed ; 

 on sub-simple sterigmas. Thallus crustaceous ; either lobed 

 at the circumference 5 or, very rarely, suffruticulose ; or, 

 and for the most part, uniform. 



* Cladodium. Thallus fruticulose. Spores simple. 



1. L. Bolanderi, Tuck.; thallus csespitose, dichotomously 

 much-branched ; greenish-straw-coloured ; the branches of the 

 rounded, rather loose clumps erect, terete, with papillaeform, 

 obtuse tips ; apothecia of middling size, sub-terminal ; the disk 

 naked, from yellowish-flesh-coloured becoming tawny, with a 

 tumid, rather entire thalline margin. Spores ovoid-ellipsoid, 

 ^ mic. Obs. Lich. I. c. 6, p. 266. Gen. Lich. p. 111. 



Metamorphic sandstone rocks on the Pacific Coast, Marin 

 county, California (Bolander), Tuckerman I. c. 1864. 



l(b). L.thamnitis,TvLcls..', thallus papillate-fruticulose, made 

 up of short, erect, fastigiately divided trunks which are crowded 

 densely together in an effuse crust (or pass now into compact, 



