LECA^ORA. 191 



21. L. Willeyi, Tuckenn. in litt.-, thallus verruculose, 

 heaped and rugged; dark-greenish-ash-coloured, and, in the 

 exciples, olivaceous; apothecia small, appressed, flattish soon 

 flexuous ; the dark-red disk somewhat polished ; bordered by a 

 thin, entire, or at length crenulate margin, which is finally ex- 

 cluded by the now irregularly turgid disk. Spores ellipsoid, 



4?*. 



Chestnut rail fences, Amherst, Mr. Willey; and others. 



New Jersey, Austin. The common, final condition of the 



apothecia is cuplike, the turgid circumference of the disk en- 

 closing its depressed centre. A similar deformation is observ- 

 able in another rail-lichen with pale crust, and brownish-red 

 fruit which is rather perhaps comparable withi. varlaf. aitema 

 of some. But there is also some similarity in L. Willeyi to con- 

 ditions of L. bad <. 



22. L. Pacifica, Tuckenn. herb. ; thallus thin, contiguous, 

 smoothish, becoming chinky and verruculose ; dirty- white ; apo- 

 thecia at length middling-sized, appressed, flattish ; disk from 

 pale-yellowish soon tawny, and finally black, with a thin green- 

 ish or whitish bloom ; the persistent margin soon flexuous and 

 crenulate. Spores ovoid- ellipsoid, ^^ mic. 



Trees on the Pacific Coast. California, Bolander. Oregon, 



Hall. Close to L. subfusca v. sylvestris, Nyl. (Mandon Licli. 



Mader. n. 1, which is made by Stizenberg I. supra c., to include 

 an Italian lichen L. subfusca v. glabrata f. azurea, Anz., with 

 pruinose fruit) but neither the colours nor the spores seem quite 

 to agree. The plant is common and very observable among 

 the bark-lichens of our Western Coast. 



23. L. atrosulpJmrea (Wahl.) Ach. ; thallus tartareous, of 

 glebous, heaped granules, finally running together and becom- 

 ing areole-like; pale - sulphur-coloured ; apothecia smallish, 

 appressed ; the soon convex, black, naked disk excluding the 

 thin, entire thalline margin. [Spores ellipsoid, -|y mic.] 

 Nyl. Scand. p. 166. Th. Fr. Scand. p. 257. Parmelia, Fr. L. 

 E. p. 160. 



Rocks, Arctic America. Greenland (Vahl), Th. Fries I.e. 

 186 1. 



24. L. varia (Ehrh.) Nyl.; thallus areolate - verruculose ; 

 pale-greenish or yellowish, or whitish; apothecia smallish to 

 middling-sized ; the disk from pale-yellowish passing into buff, 



