LECA^OKA. 203 



ley, California, Bolander. A much less developed lichen refera- 

 ble here has occurred in Vermont, Frost. The western plant is 

 now undistinguishable from Schser. Lick. Helv. n. 341 (on lime- 

 stone) to whicn the Vermont lichen (on granitic rocks) comes 

 nearest, but passes into ascendant and imbricate conditions of 

 far greater luxuriance, explained however, if I mistake not, by 

 An/. Langobard. n. 328 ; which suggests also the remarkable 

 overgrowth of b. The last development may be said indeed to 

 take its start from the very commonly observable and long since 

 described stalked or peltate structure of the scales in a ; and to 

 stand therefore to a, in a relation not unlike that of L. rubina 



v. complicata, Anz., to the peltate type of that species. 



Spores not satisfactorily exhibited in any of my specimens : they 

 should be considerably larger than those of the next following 

 lichen ; as compare the European descriptions cited. There 

 can be no doubt however that our <L. cervina is a member of the 

 same species with the European. 



45(&). L. glaucocarpa (Wahl.) Ach. ; thallus of rounded, scat- 

 tered, or more -rarely crowded and imbricate scales ; pale- 

 greenish-brown ; apothecia middling to ample, solitary, flat; 

 reddish-brown, gray-pruinose ; the entire thalline margin per- 

 sistent. Spores very minute and numerous. Ach. L. U. p. 



410. Nyl. Scand.p. 175. Th. Fr. Scand. p. 211. 



b. verrucosa, Anz. ; scales reduced to small, scattered, round- 

 ish, convex, green areoles ; bloom of the fruit fugacious. 



Licli. Langob. n. 329. 



Calcareous rocks. Vermont (Frost), Tuckerman Gen. 1872. 



Utah, Watson. Arctic America, Richardson fide Leighton. 



b, Kansas, Hall. Texas, Wright. 



45(c). L. fuscata (Schrad.) Th. Fr.; thallus cartilagineous, 

 squamulose; the scales flattish or concave, crowded or scat- 

 tered, lobulate ; from pale- at length dark- chestnut ; apothecia 

 small, immersed becoming superficial ; the rufous-brown, naked 

 disk rugged and papillose. Spores very minute and numerous. 

 Th. Fr. Scand. p. 215. L. fuscata & L. peliscypha, Nyl. 

 Scand. p. 175. L. peliscypha, Tuckerm. Calif., Gen. Lich. 121. 



b. rufescens, Th. Fr. ; scales flat, and more or less discrete ; 

 the imperfect apothecia immersed, punctiform. Th. Fr. I. c. 



