240 CLADONTA. 



On the earth throughout the Southern States, Eavenel ; Hale ; 

 etc., to Texas, Wright-, also in Mexico, Nylander I. c.; and 

 Cuba Wright. It is also found in the Western States, Lesque- 

 reux, Hall, etc N and occurs as well, "but less characteristical, at 

 least in colour, in New Jersey, Austin, and New England, Tucker- 

 man ; Willey. The pale-fruited, southern specimens now well 



simulate some Eceomyc.es. It is not easy to refer this lichen, as 

 an abnormal condition, to any cup-bearing species; and this 

 suggests at once the keeping of C. symphycarpa by itself, as is 

 proposed above. 



6. C. cariosa (Ach.) Spreng. ; thallus squamulose, much as 

 in C. pyxidata ; podetia acquiring the full size and stoutness of 

 the same species ; soon warty, and squamulose, and cancellate- 

 carious above ; where they pass into digitately divided, fastigi- 

 ate branchlets ; greenish-glaucescent ; apothecia at length con- 

 fluent, dark-brown. Cenomyce, Ach. L. U. p. 567. Cladonia, 



Nyl. Syn. p. 194. Th. Fr. Scand. p. 90. C. degenerans, b, Fr. 

 L. E. p. 221. Tuck. Lich. exs. n. 120. 



On the earth. Northern and middle States, Muhlenberg 

 Catal. 1818 ; etc. Arctic America, Richardson in herb. Hook. 

 Colorado, Wolf. New Mexico, Fendler. Oregon, Hall. Brit- 

 ish Columbia, Macoun. 



7. C. decorticata, Floerk. ; thallus squamulose, much as in 

 the last; podetia rather slender, cylindrical, at length elon- 

 gated ; the fertile ones mostly simple but the sterile becoming 

 at length fastigiately branched and subulate ; largely decorti- 

 cate ; the epidermis passing into scattered, conspicuous squam- 

 ules and rounded granules; irregularly at length fistulous, 

 greenish-ash-coloured (finally woody, and blackening) apothe- 

 cia brown. Fl. Clad. p. 10. Tuckerm. Syn. N. E. p. 50 ; Lich. 



Amer. exs. n. 124. Nyl. Scand. p. 53. Th. Fr. Scand. p. SI. 



On the earth upon rocks. White Mountains, N. H., Tuck- 

 erman I. c. 1848. 



f f Podetia cup-shaped (n. 8-11). 



8. C. pyxidata (L.) Fr. ; thallus squamulose, the ascendant 

 squamules crenate-lobate, of middling size and thickness; 

 rarely ample ; podetia cartilagineous- corticate, becoming warty, 

 and scurfy; turbinate; grayish-green and ash-coloured; the 



