250 CLADONIA. 



On the earth, Mexico (Liebmann), Tuckerman Gen. 1872. 

 Coast of Massachusetts, Oakes. Willey. New Jersey, Austin. 



Aiken, South Carolina, Eavenel. Most readily comparable 



with conditions of C. degenerans \ but the scyphiferous type by 

 no means as clear as in that. 



21. C. carneola, Fr. ; thallus squamulose, minute, crenate- 

 lobate, greenish ; podetia membranaceous-corticate soon becom- 

 ing powdery ; pale-sulphur-coloured ; apothecia flesh-coloured, 

 at length brownish. Fr. L. E.p. 233. Nyl Syn. p. 201. 



a. podetia short, turbinate ; all cup-bearing ; simple, or pro- 

 liferous. Fr. I c. 



b. cyanipes, Sommerf. ; podetia elongated ; cylindrical ; slen- 

 der ; fragile ; from simple soon sparingly and irregularly short- 

 branched; the cups disappearing in subulate branchlets. 

 Nyl. 1. c. Th. Fr. Scand, p. 73. C. Despreauxii (Bor.) Tuck- 

 erm. Syn. N. E. p. 54. 



On the earth, a, Greenland, Fries I. c. 1831. Cascade mount- 

 ains, Oregon, Hall. b, Newfoundland (Despreaux), Tuck- 

 erman I c. 1848. Alpine region of the White Mountains. 



22. C. amaurocrcea (Fl.) Schser.; horizontal thallus defi- 

 cient ; podetia growing more or less loosely in clumps, elongated : 

 slender; much curved-decumbent ; irregularly branched; scyphi- 

 ferous and repeatedly proliferous, or the cups obsolescent be- 

 low, and the axils now open, or again largely obsolete above v 

 and the tips subulate ; straw-coloured with brown summits ; the 

 cups narrowed and concave, with cristate - dentate margins i 



apothecia flesh-coloured fuscescent. Fl. Clad. p. 119. Seh&r* 



Enum. p. 197. Tuckerm. Syn. N. E. p. 53 ; & Lich. Amer. exs. 

 n. 130. Nyl. Syn. p. 216. 



On the earth in alpine districts. Arctic America, Floerke 

 1. c. 1828; Richardson-, Wright-, etc. Newfoundland, Despre- 

 aux. Lake Superior, northern shores, Agassiz. White Mount- 

 ains, Tuckerman. Manifestly the analogue of C. gracilis, and 



when the normal, scyphiferous condition is well-marked it is 

 impossible to confound the lichen with C. uncialis ; subulate 

 conditions are often more difficult, but perhaps not much more 

 so than in the species first-named. 



23. C. uncialis (L.) Fr. ; horizontal thallus deficient ; pode- 

 tia growing in dense clumps, soon elongated ; turgid-cylindrical ; 



