256 THAMNOLIA. 



ulose ; more or less turgid ; from smooth soon wrinkled ; sending 

 up now, from prostrate stems, inflated, sub-simple, turbinate 

 branches soon divided radiately above; or now more slender, 

 and divaricately very much branched in densely intertaugled 

 clumps ; from yellowish- ashy-green ; axils sub-perforate ; apo- 



thecia scarlet. Fr. L. E. p. 243. Tucker m. Suppl. 1, /. c. p. 



428 ; & in Wright Lich. Cub. n. 44. Nyl. Syn. p. 227. 



On sand, in Pine barrens, southern States, Fries I. c. 1831. 

 North Carolina, Curtis. South Carolina, and Georgia, Ravenel. 

 Florida, Chapman* Alabama, Peters. Texas, J. Drummond, 



as also in the island of Cuba, Wright. Analogous, in the 



present series, first to C. furcata, as well to the v. crispata as to 

 the v. racemosa, etc. ; and then to C. rangiferina. 



XLII. THAMNOLIA (Ach.) Mass. 



Apothecia sub- globose -patellseform; immersed many 

 together in cephalodium-like thalliue receptacles opening 

 by cribrose perforations 5 variously coloured (not black). 

 Spores fusiform-ovoid; simple; colourless. Spermatia 

 staff-shaped ; on multi-articulate sterigmas. Podetia cyl- 

 indrical ; flstulous ; coriaceous ; subulate ; the cortical layer 

 continuous and persistent ; horizontal thallus deficient. 

 For the anatomy, see Nylauder, Syn. p. 264, t. 8, /. 6. 

 Schwendener Untersuch.2,p. 167, t. 6, /. 21, 22. Minks 

 Monogr. in Flora, 1874, n. 22, 23, t. 4. 



T. vermicularis (Sw.) Schaer. ; podetia simple for the most 

 part, or sparingly forked ; smooth or at length wrinkled ; very 

 white ; either slender and prostrate (a. subuliformis, Schaer. ) or 

 ventricose, and erectish, becoming furrowed and branchy, and 

 beset now here and there with cornute branchlets (b. taurica, 

 Schser.); neither the spermogones, nor the apothecia observed as 



yet here. Nyl. Syn. p. 265. Koerb. Parerg. p. 14. Minks 



Monogr. I. c. Cladonia, Floerk. Clad. p. 175. C. gracilis, v. 

 vermicularis, & taurica, Tuckerm. Syn. N. E. p. 49 ; & Lich. exs. 

 n. 118. 



On the earth in alpine and arctic districts ; Arctic America 

 (Richardson), Hooker 1. c. 1823. White Mountains, Tuckerman. 

 Adirondack Mountains, W. F. Macrae. Rocky Mountains, 

 Macoun. 



