18 SITUATION OF THE VISCERA IN THE 



Lumbar : the Hypogastric, and the two Iliac regions.* And it 

 should be added, that the space immediately around the end of 

 the sternum is sometimes called the Scrobiculis Cordis ; and 

 the space immediately within and above the os pubis, the Regio 

 Pubis. 



These different regions are generally occupied in the follow- 

 ing manner : The liver fills nearly the whole of the right hypo- 

 chondriac region, and extends through the upper part of the 

 epigastric region into the left hypochondriac. The stomach 

 occupies the principal part of the epigastric region, and a con- 

 siderable portion of the left hypochondriac. The spleen is also 

 situated in the left hypochondriac region. That portion of the 

 intestinal tube, which is composed of small intestines, is gene- 

 rally found in the umbilical, the hypogastric, and the iliac 

 regions, and when the bladder is empty, in the pelvis. But 

 the duodenum, or first of the small intestines, which proceeds 

 immediately from the stomach, is situated in the epigastric and 

 umbilical regions. The great intestine commences in or near 

 the right iliac region, and ascends through the right lumbar to 

 the right hypochondriac region. It then crosses the abdomen, 

 passing through the lower part of the epigastric, or upper part 

 of the umbilical to the left lumbar region ; from this it con- 

 tinues into the left iliac region, and curves in such a manner 

 that it finally arrives at the middle of the upper part of the os 

 sacrum, when it descends into the pelvis, and, partaking of the 

 curvature of the last mentioned bone, continues to the termina- 

 tion of the os coccygis. 



In the back part of the epigastric region, and very low down 

 in it, is situated the pancreas. The kidneys lie in the most pos- 

 terior parts of the lumbar regions, and from each of them is 

 continued a tube or duct, called Ureter, that passes into the 

 pelvis to convey the urine into the bladder. This viscus, in 

 males, is in contact with the last portion of the great intestine 

 called the Rectum, and with it occupies almost all the cavity of 



* It is to be observed that the lateral regions of the middle and lower divi- 

 sions of the abdomen are named differently by different writers. 



