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318 GENERAL ACCOUNT OF THE SUBCLAVIAN. 



The External Jugular, 



Which is sent off by the subclavian, very near its union with 

 the internal jugular ; but sometimes it goes off from that vein 

 much nearer the shoulder. There are sometimes two external 

 jugulars, an anterior and posterior, nearly of equal size. More 

 frequently one of them is much smaller than the other. In a 

 majority of cases, the principal external jugular goes off near 

 the junction of the internal jugular and subclavian, as above 

 stated, and proceeds upwards towards the angle of the lower 

 jaw, passing between the platysma myoides and the sterno- 

 mastoid muscle. It often sends off, at the basis of the neck, 

 one or more branches to the contiguous muscles, and then 

 proceeds upwards. Near the angle of the jaw, it often com- 

 municates with the internal jugular : it then continues upwards, 

 covered with the parotid gland, near the temporal artery, 

 and finally divides into superficial and deep-seated temporal 

 branches. 



The External Jugular, near the angle of the jaw, often 

 sends off the facial vein, which crosses the basis of the lower 

 jaw, near the facial artery, and distributes branches to the side 

 of the face and to the forehead. It also very often sends off, 

 near this place, the internal maxillary vein, which generally 

 ramifies in such a manner that its branches correspond with 

 those of the internal maxillary artery. Veins which corres- 

 pond to some of the other branches of the external carotid 

 artery, the lingual, occipital, &c., are often sent off near this 

 place by the external jugular. They take the names of the 

 arteries to which they correspond, and commonly accompany 

 them. 



The Subclavian Vein, 



Although it originates differently on the two sides of the 

 neck, is situated alike on each of them. After parting with 

 the internal jugular, it proceeds over the first rib, under the 

 clavicle, and does not pass between the scaleni muscles, as is 

 the case with the arteries, but before the anterior scalenus 

 muscle. It soon joins the great artery of the arm, and pro- 



