282 THE GROUSE IN HEALTH AND IN DISEASE 



bacilli, these organisms may be divided, according to their reactions, which 

 are given in the following table, into four groups. 



Group. Type. Glucose. Lactose. Saccharose. Dulcite. Mannite. Milk. Indol. 



I. B. acidi lactici (Hiippe) A + G A + G A + G A + C + 



II. B. coli communis (Escherich) A + G A + G A + G A + G A + C + 



III. B. coli communior (Durham) A + G A + G A + G A + G A + G A + C + 



IV. B. lactis cerogenes (Escherich) A + G A + G A + G A + G A + C + 



0=No change. A+G = Acid and gas produced. 



A+C=Acid and clot. + = Positive reaction. 



Twelve organisms, namely those isolated from the livers of Grouse 3, 4, 7, 

 12, 44, 50, 56 and 60, from the lungs of 15, 50, and 57, and from the blood 

 of Grouse 15, belonged to Group I. ; three, isolated from the livers of Grouse 

 11 and 53 and from the lungs of Grouse 1, belonged to Group II. ; eleven, isolated 

 from the livers of Grouse 1, 6, 13, 16, 46, 51, 54, 58, 59, and 61, and from 

 the lungs of Grouse 13, belonged to Group III. ; and nine isolated from the 

 livers of Grouse 2, 22, 23, 57, and 62, from the lungs of Grouse 22 and 56, 

 and from the spleen and kidney of Grouse 22, belonged to Group IV. 



Organisms belonging to all four groups were cultivated also from the 

 csecal contents on various occasions. 



An organism with the same general morphological and cultural characters, 

 but differing in its fermentation reactions, was cultivated from the liver and 

 spleen of Grouse 47, and from both lungs, spleen, pancreas and both kidneys 

 of Grouse 51. This organism produces acid and gas in media containing 

 glucose, mannite and dulcite, and acidity followed by alkalinity in milk. In 

 media containing lactose and saccharose no change is produced. It corresponds 

 therefore in its cultural characters with the Bacillus enteritidis (Gsertner) group. 



Many of the other organisms found were similarly investigated, except moulds, 

 streptothrices, cocci and spore-bearing bacilli ; but in view of their extreme rarity 

 it seems scarcely necessary to give their cultural characters in detail. 



At an early stage in the investigations it began to appear probable that 



the presence of Bacillus coli in the liver and other organs of the Grouse was 



related in some way to the numbers of Trichostrongylus pergracilis 



method of in the caeca. Up to December 1908 the Strongyli were only roughly 



counting . ... 



Strongyli in estimated, but at that time a method of isolating and counting 



the cseca. 



them was devised and found to be practicable, and from that time 

 onwards the Strongyli were counted in every case. The method was as 

 follows : The caeca were laid out straight on a board and opened throughout 



