CHAPTER XV 



THE TAPEWORMS (GESTODA] OF THE RED GROUSE (LAOOPUS SCOTICUS) l 



By Dr A. E. Shipley 



CESTODA 



THREE species of tapeworm live in the alimentary canal of the Grouse. The 

 largest of these is (i.) Davainea urogalli (Modeer), which lives in the small 

 intestine. We have also from time to time found it in the cseca ; its presence 

 there is probably due to post-mortem migrations. This is the tapeworm known 

 to the keepers and to sportsmen generally. It is large, sometimes a foot or more 

 in length and is occasionally seen protruding from the bird's anus and trailing 

 through the air as the bird flies. The second and third tapeworms are in- 

 conspicuous and have hitherto escaped notice. One of them, (ii.) Davainea 

 cesticillus (Molin), is small and very rare ; we have only found it twice in the 

 many hundreds of Grouse we have examined. It occurs, a few at a time, in the 

 small intestine. The third tapeworm, (iii.) Hymenolepis microps (Diesing), is 

 also inconspicuous, and so transparent when alive as to be almost invisible. It 

 exists in hundreds in the duodenum, and probably causes a considerable amount 

 of disease and death in the birds. It is by far the most dangerous of the three 

 tapeworms of the Grouse. 



(i.) Fam. Taeniidae. 

 Genus DAVAINEA R. Bl. & Raill., 1891. 

 (i.) DAVAINEA UROGALLI (Modeer), 1790. 



Synonyms: Tcenia urogalli Modeer, 1790. 

 Tcenia calva Baird, 1853. 

 Davainea calva Shipley, 1906. 



The worm was apparently named Tcenia urogalli by Modeer 2 in the year 1790. 



1 Reprinted from the Proceedinys of the Zoological Society of London., 1909. 



2 "Vet. Ac. Nya Handl.," p. 129, 1790. 



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