TEXTHREDINIIU-:. 



221 



and fourth joints of equal length; the wings have two subcos- 

 tal Miid three median cells, the first as long as the second, gen- 

 erally longer ; the first receiving one recurrent vein, the second 

 two. Wr have found the larva of E. maculatus Norton on the 

 cultivated strawberry, to which, in the Western States, it some- 

 times does considerable damage, but it can be quite readily 

 exterminated by hand-picking. Mr. Riley has carefully ob- 

 served the habits of this insect, and we condense the follow- 

 ing remarks from his account in the Prairie Farmer: Early in 

 May, in Northern Illinois, the female saw-fly deposits her eggs 

 in the stem of the plant. They are white and .03 of an inch 

 long, and may be readily perceived upon splitting the stalk ; 

 though the outside 

 orifice, at which 

 they were intro- 

 duced, is scarcely 

 perceptible, their 

 presence causes a 

 swelling in the 

 stalk. By the mid- 

 dle of May the 

 worms will have 

 eaten innumerable 

 small holes in the 

 leaves. They are 

 dirty yellow and Fi s- 147 - 



gray green, and at rest curl the abdomen up spirally. They 

 moult four times, and are, when full-fed, about three-fourths of 

 an inch in length. They make a loose, earthen cocoon in the 

 ground, and change to perfect flies by the end of June and 

 the beginning of July. A second brood of worms appear, 

 "and in the early part of August descend into the ground and 

 remain in the larva state until the middle of the , succeeding 

 April, when they finish their transformations. The fry is pitchy 

 black, with two rows of dull, dirty white, transverse spots upon 

 the abdomen. The nine-jointed antennae are black, and the 

 legs are brown, and almost white at the joints. Fig. 147 rep- 

 resents the Strawberry Emphytus in all its stages of growth. 

 1, 2, ventral and side-view of the pupa; 3, the fly enlarged ; 



