248 LEPIDOPTERA. 



eye-like spots, of dull yellowish or yellowish buff, encircled 

 by a fine ring of black, and a large black pupil filling most 

 of the lower portion. The posterior portion of this black 

 pupil is encircled by a shining bluish black ring, the anterior 

 portion of which strikes a little beyond the middle of the 

 pupil ; there is also a line of black in front of the pupil ex- 

 tending nearly across the yellow portion, and a pale pinkish 

 gpot in the upper part of the j^ellow which is edged with a 

 slightly darker shade. On the fifth segment are two large, 

 irregular spots of the same color, pale buff, encircled by a faint 

 ring of black, and having a faint pinkish spot on the anterior 

 portion of each ; these spots are nearer to each other than 

 those on the fourth segment, a portion of the space between the 

 fifth and sixth segments being deep black ; each segment, from 



the sixth to the eleventh in- 

 clusive, has four blue dots, 

 encircled with black, those on 

 the seventh, eighth and ninth 

 segments being largest. On 

 each side, close to the under 

 surface, is a wide yellow 

 stripe, gradually softening 

 into the green above, and 

 edged below with blackish 



brown. Immediately below the spiracles is a row of blue dots 

 edged with black, one on each segment from the sixth to the 

 twelfth inclusive. The under surface is dull, pale greenish, or 

 yellowish white, having a decided reddish tinge as it approaches 

 the yellow stripe on the sides. The feet partake of the same 

 general color." P. Pliilenor Fabr. is black, with a greenish 

 reflection towards the outer border, with whitish spots on the 

 margin, and on the hind wings six whitish lunules. The larva 

 is brown, with two lateral rows of small, reddish tubercles, 

 and two long tubercles on the prothoracic segment. The 

 chrysalis (Fig. 181, side and dorsal view) is grajash violet, yel- 

 lowish on the back, with the head ending in a truncated cone. 

 The genus Parnassius has short, thick antennae, with a 

 rounded club, and the fore-wings are much rounded at the 

 apex ; it inhabits mountains. P. Smintheus Doubleday, with 

 three other species, is found in the Rocky Mountains. 



