208 SOME MINUTE ANIMAL PARASITES 



in this way. Of these two, in Cambay, at any rate, 

 all the evidence is in favour of the bed-bug. In 

 other places, where bed-bugs are uncommon, some 

 other carrier must be sought. This is well recognized 

 by Captain Patton, who says his results " apply to 

 Oriental Sore in Cambay," and that he well realizes 

 that the parasite " may have more than one inverte- 

 brate host" a scientific statement, and one that 

 should command him more generous treatment than 

 has been accorded him by workers in other places 

 under different conditions. 



Dr. Wenyon, working at Bagdad, used house-flies 

 and Stomoxys, the stable fly, but found that while 

 they would feed on the sore, no development of the 

 parasite occurred within them. Culex fatigans and 

 Stegomyia fasciata also were used, and in the latter 

 the parasite underwent some development. When 

 attempts were made to reproduce the disease by 

 means of it, they failed. Wenyon found that the 

 parasite would develop in the bed-bug, but considered 

 that the insects were too rare to account for the 

 numbers of cases of Oriental Sore in Bagdad. He 

 concluded that the house-fly might often act as a 

 mechanical carrier, but more usually either one of 

 the mosquitoes, or the sand-fly, Phlebotomus, but 

 no experiments were made with the last insect. 

 The problem of the carrier of Oriental Sore in Bag- 

 dad, then, still remains unsolved. Later experiments, 

 conducted in Aleppo, failed to incriminate Phle- 

 botomus as a transmitter. 



Skin diseases due to Leishmania also occur in 

 Egypt, the Sudan, and North Africa. Here the 



