426 



INDEX. 



Pythagoras, the philosopher, his familiar- 

 ity with the so-called Copernican theory, 

 119. 



QUADRUMANA, the, distribution of, 357, 

 358. 



RAMOND, the naturalist, his researches in 

 the natural history of red snow, 40, 

 41. 



Ranunculacese, the, general character- 

 istics of, 166-169. 



Ray, the botanist, on the daisy, 146. 



Red-billed crow, the, its appearance de- 

 scribed, 68, 69 ; its habits, 69 ; the his- 

 tory of one which had been tamed, 69, 

 70. 



Red snow, known to Pliny, the naturalist, 

 39 ; first described scientifically by De 

 Saussure, 39, 40 ; discovered by Ramond 

 in the Pyrenees, 40; by Captain Ross 

 in Baffin's Bay, 41 ; described by Sir 

 John Ross, 41 ; a fungus (?) 41. 



Reptiles, the, distribution of, 361. 



Rhizomes, or trailing roots, referred to, 88, 

 89. 



Rhodius, Apollonius, the poet, quoted, 20. 



Rodentia, the, distribution of, 358. 



Rogers, the poet, quoted, 403. 



Ruminantia, the, how distributed, 358. 



SALAMANCA, the council of, referred to, 



108. 

 Sap, the circulation of, 132 ; its ascent and 



descent, 133 ; theories concerning the 



rise of, 134-137. 

 Saussure, Benedict de, the naturalist, his 



observations on red snow, 39, 40. 

 Science, unselfishness of, 76 ; the peculiar 



characteristics of, 133. 

 Scutellariae, the, characteristics of, indi- 

 cated, 235, 236. 



Seasons, the, changes of, 204, 205. 

 Seneca, the philosopher, his conception of 



the earth's support in space, 104. 

 Shakespeare, his allusions to the daisy, 



quoted, 150, 151 ; the lily described by, 



242. 



Shelley, the poet, quoted, 152. 

 Sirius, the star, its colour, 26 ; deleterious 



influence ascribed to, by the Greeks, 23, 



24- 



Snow, the, preservation of the germ of 

 life in seeds and roots, 32 ; its composi- 

 tion, 32, 33 ; the reason of its preserva- 

 tive qualities, 34; in the form of crystals, 

 34 ; a reflector of light, 37 ; its utility to 

 the agriculturist, 37 ; in the polar re- 

 gions, 38, 39 ; red snow, which see. 



Snow-bunting, the, description of, 66, 67; 

 its favourite localities, 67, 68. 



Snow, perpetual, the line of, where situ- 

 ated, 47 ; its variations, 48. 



Snow-flea, the, its discovery narrated, 72, 

 73 ; its generic characters, 74. 



Soapwort, the, described, 378 ; its juice, 

 3?8, 379- 



Soil, effect of temperature upon, 317; 

 cultivation of, 318-320 ; plants appro- 

 priate to different kinds of, 320, 321. 



Solanum nigrum, the, described, 82-85. 



Solar corona, the, nature of, 409-412. 



Solar eclipse of 1870, the, considered, 

 407-412. 



Solstices, the summer and winter, 45. 



Somerville, Mrs, quoted, 289. 



Sowerby, Mr, on the Mercuriaus annua, 

 78. 



Species, number of vegetable, 339, 340, 

 347, 348 ; number of animal, 356. 



Spencer, Edmund, the poet, quoted, 2. 



Spring, the awakening of, described, 127- 



I3 1 - 



Staphylium olens, described, 271-273. 



Stars, the, their infinite number, 4 ; their 

 diurnal movement, 15-17 ; coloured, 412- 

 417. 



Stellaria, the, characteristics of, enumer- 

 ated, 378. 



Strickland, Miss, on the legend of the 

 forget-me-not, 240. 



Struve, Otto, his computation of the num- 

 ber of the stars, 25, 26. 



Sun, the, movements of, in the heavens, 

 292-296 ; length of its radius, 296, 297. 



Sweetbriar, the, celebrated by Spenser, 

 Milton, Scott, and Drayton, 380; by 

 Shakespeare, 381. 



TAYLOR, Jeremy, on carnations, 371. 

 Telescopes, importance of their invention 



to science, 26. 



Temperate zones, the, reference to, 45. 

 Temperature, effect of, on soil, 317. 



