600 EVERYDAY SCIENCE 



Now hold the thumb over the opening of the long arm and place the 

 siphon in position, as in B, Figure 17. 



Adjust the end of the short arm to whatever depth you wish, 

 place a receiving vessel under the opening of the long arm, and 

 remove your thumb from the opening of the long arm (Figure 



170). 



The siphon may be cleansed by running warm (not hot) soapy 

 water through it and rinsing with clear warm water. 



PROJECT XXVIII. How to Use the Most Common Solvents to 

 Remove Stains, page 140 



Gasoline. This is the most common solvent for sponging out 

 grease or oil stains. The most delicate fabrics may be soaked or 

 washed in it without risk. It should be used either out of doors or 

 in a well- ventilated room, without flame or smoldering spark of fire 

 or even a hot iron in the room. Never use a hot iron on goods 

 cleaned with gasoline until the fabric has been hung out long 

 enough for all the gasoline to evaporate. 



After using gasoline, give the fumes plenty of time to pass out 

 before you light any sort of fire. Remember it is the volatile 

 vapor of gasoline that is so dangerously inflammable. 



To remove grease from delicately colored fabrics, chloroform, 

 ether, and benzine are superior to gasoline because they evaporate 

 more rapidly and are less likely to leave a "ring." Chloroform and 

 ether are the best, but also the most expensive. 



Probably the best fabric for applying stain solvents is clean cheese- 

 cloth. 



Gasoline is sometimes mixed with carbon tetrachloride, another 

 effective solvent of grease, and sold under a trade name such as 

 "Carbona." The great advantage of such a mixture is that its 

 vapor is not inflammable. 



Turpentine. (1) Paint and Varnish. Turpentine will remove 

 wet paint or varnish very easily from any fabric. If used with suffi- 

 cient patience and perseverance, it will also remove dry paint from 

 any fabric. After the paint is removed, sponge with chloroform 



