INDEX 



References are to pages 



Budding (plant-propagation) . 377 



Buds (of yeasts) 399 



Buoyancy of water .... 148 

 Buttes (of plateaus) . . . 272, 276 



Calms (of the tropics) . . . 221 

 Calorie (measure of energy and 



heat) 84 



specific heat 84 



Ca'lyx (of flower) 387 



Cambium layer (of stem) . 374, 377 



Canals 192-196, 336 



Candle power (standard meas- 

 ure of light intensity) . . . 350 

 Canons (of plateaus) .... 268 



Capes 258 



Capillaries (of circulatory sys- 

 tem) 409,411 



Capillary action (of water) . 170, 327 

 Carbohydrates 383, 423, 425-428, 456 



composition of 425 



food properties of ... 425-428 

 found in cereals and grains ; 



fruits ; vegetables . . 427 

 amount necessary daily 



in diet 428 



functions of 425-428 



manufactured in green-plant 



leaves . . . 383,423,425 



chlorophyll 382,383 



Carbolic acid (a disinfectant) 444-445 



Carbon . . . 399-400,425,456, 



488, 517-519 



constituent of food .... 456 

 for incandescent lamp fila- 

 ments 488 



in coal and peat .... 517-519 

 Carbon dioxide . 98-99, 133, 144, 280 

 constituent of air 98-99, 133, 280 

 exhaled by animals .... 98 

 inhaled by plants .... 99 

 solvent of limestone . . . 144 

 weathering agent of atmos- 

 phere 280 



weight 99 



source of danger in mines . 99 



Caverns 198 



Caves 198 



Mammoth Cave 198 



Cells (of plants) . . . . 371, 388 



structure of 371 



protoplasm in 371 



Centri'fugal force .... 43-47 

 Centri'petal force ; see Gravita- 

 tion ; Gravity 



Chemical action . . . . 72, 484 

 Chemical changes .... 53, 58 

 Chemical compounds . . . 54-59 

 Chemical energy . . . . 72-94, 358 

 Chloride of lime (a disinfectant) 445 

 Chlorophyll 382, 399, 400, 419, 425 



Choke damp 99 



Cinders (volcanic) .... 504-506 



Circulation (of blood) 410-413, 423 



Circumference (of earth) . 2, 23, 39 



Cities .... 198-208,257-263, 



444-456, 457, 546-548 



locations of . 257-263, 546-548 



industries due to ... 546-547 



sanitation of ... 444-456, 457 



water-supply systems of . 198-208 



Clay (of ocean) 156 



Clayey soils . 307, 310, 319-320, 



345 



Cleanliness 451-455 



preventer of disease . . 451-455 

 care of wounds .... 451 

 protector of health . . . 452-455 

 destruction and preven- 

 tion of harmful bacteria 

 and protozoa- . . . 452-455 



Cliffs 160 



Climate . . 238-244,245-246 



causes of 238 



effects of day and night upon 243 

 effects of physical features 



upon . . 238-243,245-246 

 of mountains . . 238-240,245 

 of water-bodies . . .241-243 

 effects of seasonal changes 



upon 243-244, 245 



see also Weather 



Clouds. . . . 102,104,133-134, 

 210, 215, 244, 483 

 condensation of atmospheric 



moisture 104 



electricity in 483 



weather vs 210,244 



