INDEX 



Abdomen: grasshopper 119, 120; 



lobster 107 

 Abdominal appendages: grasshopper 



IIQ, 120; lobster 108 

 Abdominal segment, lobster 107 

 Absorption, definition of 18 

 Action of muscle 56 

 Activities. See Behavior 

 Adrenal gland n, 37 

 Air sacs, grasshopper 121 

 Alimentary canal, definition of 9 

 Alternation of generations 87, 88 

 Alternative inheritance 69 

 Alveoli of lungs 41 

 Amoeba 72-73 



Amoeboid movement 16, 30, 72 

 Amoeboid organisms 79 

 Amphipods 125 

 Anaphase 63 

 Anemones 88 

 Animal behavior 135 

 Animal hemisphere 66 

 Annelida: in text 80, 95-132; in key 



131, 132 

 Antenna: grasshopper 118; lobster 



106, 109, no, in 

 Antennule 106, 107, 109, no, in 

 Anus: frog 3, 40; earthworm 97; 



grasshopper 120, 123; lobster 



107, 114; Nereis 96; Paramedum 

 76, 77 



Aortic arches, frog 44, 46 



Apex of ventricle 9 



Appendages: biramous 107; folicae- 

 ous 109; grasshopper 117-20; 

 lobster 106-10; typical in lobster 

 107; uniramous 108 



Appendicular: definition of 2; skele- 

 ton 51 



Aqueduct of Sylvius 48 



Arachnids 125 



Archenteron 66 



Arterial arches 44 



Arterial system: frog 44-45; lobster 

 112, 113, 116 



Arteries: frog: carotids 44, coeliaco- 

 mesenteric 45, common iliac 45, 

 cutaneous 5, 44, dorsal aorta 45, 

 pulmonary 44, systemic arch 44; 

 lobster 112, 113, 116 



Artery, definition of 9, 20 



Arthropoda: in text 81, 106-25; 

 in key 131, 133 



Arthrppodial membranes 107, 117 



Ascaris, mitosis in 62-64 



Assimilation, definition of 22, 23 



Aster 63 



Asterias, development of 65, 66 



Atlas 52 



Auricle of heart 9, 45, 46 



Axial, definition of 2 



Axial skeleton 51 



Axis cylinder 32 



Axone 31, 32 



Barnacles 124 



Basipod, definition of 107 



Battery 82. 84 



Behavior: Amoeba 73; frog, 15, 19; 



Hydra 83; Paramedum 74, 76, 77; 



Planar ia 90, 92 

 Belly of muscle 56 

 Bilateral symmetry 2, 61 

 Bile 30; capillaries 33; duct 39, 40 

 Binomial system 127 

 Biramous appendage 107 

 Bladder: gall 10, 39, 40; ligaments 



of 8, 10; urinary 8, 9, 40, 41 



Blastopore 66, 67 



Blastostyle 87 



Blastula: frog 66; starfish 65 



Blood: cells of 30, 31; circujation of, 

 in earthworm 99; circulation of, in 

 frog 20; composition of, in frog 

 2 . 30, 31; corpuscles of 20, 30, 31; 

 function of 20, 23; histology of 

 30,31 



Blood corpuscles: red 30; white 30, 31 



Blood sinuses: grasshopper 120, 121, 

 122; lobster 112, 113, 115 



Blowfly: 20-23; adults 20, 21; egg- 

 laying 20; eggs 21 ; larvae 21, 22; 

 life-cycle 20-23; pupae 22 



Body cavity: earthworm 97, 102; 

 frog 6, 7, 8; origin in embryo 67 



Body wall: earthworm 97, 98, 101, 

 103; frog 5, 7; grasshopper 117, 

 120, 121; histology of in earthworm 

 103; lobster in, 112 



Bone, structure of 30 



Bones of frog 6, 51-55; kinds of , in 

 skeleton 51; hyoid apparatus 5, 54; 

 limbs 55; lower jaw 53; pectoral 

 girdle 6, 54; pelvic girdle 6, 54; 

 skull 52, 53; sternum 6, 54; upper 

 jaw 53; vertebral column 51, 52 



Brachjal plexus 48 



Brachiopoda in key 130 



Brain: earthworm 99, 102; frog 

 12, 46-48; functions of in frog 

 49, 50; grasshopper 124; lobster 

 115; Planaria 91 



Branchiae, lobster no 



Branchial chamber, lobster 107 

 108, no. in 



Breastbone 6, 54 



Brow spot 3, 47 



Bryozoa in key 130 



Buccal cavity, frog 4, 5 



Buccal pouch, earthworm 99 



Buds: Hydra 86; medusa 87 



Bulbus arteriosus 9 



Calcareous body, frog 48 



Calciferous glands, earthworm 99 



Campanularia 86-88 



Capillary 9, 20 



Carapace 106 



Carbohydrates: definition of 16; 

 digestion of 18 



Cardiac chamber, lobster 114 



Cardiac end of stomach, frog 39 



Carotid arch 44; arteries 44 



Cartilage, structure of 29 



Cartilage bone: definition of 51; 

 in skeleton 52 



Cell: definition of 24; body of 

 nerve cells 31; division 62-64; 

 membrane 25; structure of typical 

 25, 26 



Cells: chlorogogue 104; of earth- 

 worm 103, 104; of frog: blood 

 30, 31, bone 30, brain 31, car- 

 tilage 29, connective tissue 29, 

 epithelial 27, 28, intestine 33, 34, 

 kidney 37, 38, liver 25, 33, motor, 

 of cord 31, 38, muscle 28, 29, 

 nerve 31, reproductive 32, skin 

 36, 37, spinal cord 38, stomach 

 35, 36; of Hydra 83, 84, 85; of 

 Planaria 92; stinging, of Hydra 82, 

 84 



Cellular structure of: body wall, 

 earthworm 103; earthworm 103, 

 104; frog 27-38; Hydra 83-85; 

 intestine, earthworm 104; intestine. 



frog 33, 34; kidney 37, 38; liver 

 25,33; nerve cord, earthworm 104; 

 Planaria 92; skin 36, 37; spinal 

 cord 38; stomach 35, 36 



Centipedes 125 



Central canal, spinal cord 38 



Centrosome 63, 64 



Centrum of vertebra 51 



Cephalization 61 



Cephalothorax 106 



Cerebellum 47, 50 



Cerebral hemispheres 47, 50 



Cervical groove 106 



Cestodes 94 



Chaetae 96 



Chaetonotus 80 



Chela 109, 112 



Chitin 106, 117 



Chlorogogue cells 104 



Choanae 4 



Chordata in key 131 



Chordotqnal organ 120 



Chromatin 25, 63, 70 



Chromatophores 16, 20, 36 



Chromosomes 63, 64 



Cilia: of ciliate Protozoa 79; of 

 epithelium 28; of flatworms 80; 

 of frog 16, 28; of Paramedum 75; 

 of Planaria go; of rotifers 80 



Ciliary movement, experiment on 16 



Ciliate Protozoa 79 



Ciliated epithelium 28 



Circulation of the blood: in earth- 

 worm 99; in frog 20 



Circulatory systems: earthworm 98, 

 99; frog, general 9; frog, special 

 41-45; function of 20, 23; grass- 

 hopper 121-22; lobster 112, 113, 

 115, 116 



Circum-esophageal commissures: 

 earthworm 102; grasshopper 124; 

 lobster 115 



Cirri 79, 95, 96 



Cisterna magna 11 



Class, definition of 128 



Classification: definiton of 127; 

 exercise on 127-34; of animals 

 129-34 



Cleavage: of Asterias egg 65; of 

 frog egg 66; of starfish egg 66 



Clitellum 96 



Cloaca 40, 41 



Clypeus 117 



Cnidoblasts 84, 85 



Cnidocil 84, 85 



Coats of the intestine 33-35 



Coelenterata: in text 82-89; in 

 key 129, 132 



Coelome: earthworm 97, 98; frog 

 6-7; grasshopper 120; lobster 112; 

 origin in embryo 67, 71 



Coenosarc 87 



Colony hydroid 86, 87 



Columella 3, 55 



Conductivity: definition of 14; 

 experiment on 14, 15 



Conjugation, Paramedum 78 



Connective tissue: definition of 29; 

 kinds of 29, 30 



Contractile vacuole: Amoeba 72, 73; 

 Paramedum 76 



Contractility: definition of 15; ex- 

 periment on 15, 16; of heart 15, 16; 

 of involuntary muscle 15; of 

 voluntary muscle 15 



Conus arteriosus 9, 44, 45, 46 



Corals 88, 89 



Corium of skin 36 



145 



