74 LABORATORY DIRECTIONS 



Size of Body. 



1. From the casts or fossils of the feet, note the increase in size througl 

 successive geological periods. 



2. On a chart representing restorations of the entire animals, base* 

 on measurements of the fossil bones', note the increase in stature frou 

 Eohippus to Equus. 



C. SUMMARY 



State carefully the course of evolution of the crphalopods and of th 

 horse with regard to the features studied in the foregoing exercise. Mak 

 reference to your figures. Note that some of the forms studied may no 

 be in the direct line of descent, but are probably offshoots. Which ar 

 these? In which continents did the early, middle, and late developinm 

 of the horse chiefly take place? Make use of these points in your sum 

 mary. The summary of the horse should include a table showing th< 

 continents where its development took place, the geological periods, am 

 the changes in feet, teeth, skull, and stature. 



Readings Concerning the Evolution of the Horse 



1. SCOTT, W. B., "The Theory of Evolution," pp. 98-109. 



2. LULL, R. S., "Evolution of the Horse Family;" American Journal of Srinm 

 March, 1907. 



3. NICHOLSON, H. A., "Manual of Paleontology," pp. 335-340. 



4. DENDY, A., "Outlines of Evolutionary Biology." pp. 307-312. 



5. COPE, E. D., "Primary Factors of Evolution." pp. 146-149. 



6. MATTHEW, W. D., "The Evolution of the Horse," supplement to Ann TUMI 

 Museum Journal, January, 1903. 



Readings Concerning Cephalopod Evolution 



1. LULL, R. S., "Organic Evolution," Chapter XXVI. especially pp. I'J'.i i:;:: 



2. WILLIAMS, 11. S., "(icologic.-U Biology," Chapter XIX, especially pp. 350-35S 



