21 



a. Above brownish or slate ; tail with about 3 

 darker bands ; below white, barred with 

 rufous; length, ^, 13.5-14; $, 16-17 in. 



63. Astur tachiro tachiro (Daud.), Traite, ii., p. 90 S. E. Africa. 

 (1800). 

 African Goshawk. 



Below lighter ; cross bands more distinct ; no 

 bars on under wing-coverts. 

 63a. Astur tachiro sparsimfasciatus* Reichen., Orn. 

 Mb., iii., p. 97 (1895). 

 Zanzibar Goshawk. 



Flanks and transverse bars more richly 

 rufescent. 

 63b. Astur tachiro unduliventer (Riipp.), Neue Wirb., 

 p. 40, t£.f. 18, fig.i. (1835). 

 Abyssinian Goshawk. 



Zanzibar Is., 

 Brit. E. 

 Africa, 

 Victoria 

 Nyanza. 



N.E. Africa 

 (Abyssinia). 



Thighs rufous, without bars ; under wing- 

 coverts white. 

 63c. Astur tachiro macroscelides Hartl., J.f.O., 

 1855, pp. 354, 360. 

 West African Goshawk. 



b. Above slaty grey ; below with breast rufous, 

 or partly so, and rest of under parts white, 

 barred with rufous. 



64. Astur trlvirgatus trivirgatus (Temm.), PI. Col., 

 i., pi. 303 (1824). 

 Indian Crested Goshawk. 



Larger. 

 64a. Astur trivirgatus rufitinctus McClelL, P.Z.S., 

 1839, p. 153. 

 Larger Crested Goshawk. 



W. Africa 

 (Gold Coast 

 to Sierra 

 Leone). 



Hilly parts 

 of India 

 and Ceylon, 

 Malay Archi- 

 pelago. 



E. Himalayas 

 to Assam, 

 Indo- 

 Chinese 

 countries, 

 Formosa. 



* A. (achiro nyansce Neumann, Om. Mb., xiii., p. 138 (1902) is a synonym, 

 c/. Sharpe, Zool. Rec, 1902, Aves, p, 45. 



