CHORDATA 





bass, which extends from the Gulf of St. Lawrence to Florida; 

 the tautog, or blacklish, found from Maine to South Carolina; 

 the true codfish, Gadus morrhua (Fig. 299), found in the cold 



waters of the whole northern hemisphere, and its relative the 

 haddock, which is confined to the North Atlantic. The avei 

 weight of a cod is about five kilos and of a haddock two, but 

 much larger specimens are on record. In the northern Pacific 

 is a good food fish, Ophiodon elongatus, known in San Francisco 

 as the codfish, which, however, is not related to the Atlantic 

 cod. The tunny, or horse mackerel, as it is called in Massa- 

 chusetts, is a large marine fish, averaging from two to three 

 meters in length, and weighing from one hundred to two hun- 

 dred and fifty kilos, although specimens twice that size and 

 three times that weight are recorded. It is found on both sides 

 of the Atlantic, and is largely eaten in Europe, but in America 

 is used chiefly for its oil. 



Many of the flatfishes (Fig. 300), also marine, are largely used 

 as food, such as the flounder, turbot, sole, and plaice, and espe- 

 cially the halibut, the largest of all. It is abundant on both the 



FlG. 300. Pleuronectes cynoglossus, from the right side, d.f, dorsal fin ; l.e, lefl tct.f, 



i'.il fin; pv.f, pelvic fin ; r.e, right eve; v.f, ventral fin. (After Cuvier, from Parker and 

 1 [aswell's Manual.) 



east and west coasts of the United States, frequenting cold 

 waters of from four hundred to five hundred meters in depth. 

 The female flounder is much more desirable as food than the 

 male, and averages from fifty to seventy-five kilos in wei 



ght. 



