CALIGONUS. 



[ 128 ] 



CALOTHRIX. 



pitate or subsessile ; spores brown or black, 

 bperniatia short, oblong. 



Eighteen British species. C. hyperellum : 

 on oak, lime, &c. Very common. 



BIBL. Leighton, Lich.-Fl. 1879, 39 ; Tu- 

 lasne, Ann. d. Sc. N. 3 se'r. xvii. 209. 



C ALIG'ONUS, Koch. A genus of Aca- 

 rina, fam. Trombidina. Has the legs 7-join- 

 ted, and a line between cephalothorax and 

 abdomen. 



C. niger. Not described by Koch, but 

 figured ; very minute. 



BIBL. Koch, Uebers. j Murray, EC, Ent. 

 124. 



CA'LIGUS, Miiller. A genus of Crusta- 

 cea, of the order Siphonostoma, and family 

 Caliginea (CaligicUe). 



Char. Head in the form of a large buck- 

 ler, having anteriorly large frontal plates, 

 which are furnished with a small suctorial 

 disk or lunule on the under surface of each 

 lateral portion ; antennae small, flat and 

 two-jointed. Thorax with only two distinct 

 articulations, thoracic segments uncovered ; 

 second pair of jaw-feet two-jointed and 

 not in the form of a suctorial disk. Legs, 

 four pairs with long plumose hairs, fourth 

 pair slender, of only one branch and serving 

 for walking. 



Four species. Found upon the brill, cod, 

 mackerel, plaice, trout, &c. j length 1-5 

 to 1". 



BIBL. Baird, Brit. Entom. pp. 256, 269. 



CALLIDT'NA, Ehr. A genus of Rota- 

 toria, of the family Philodinaea. 



Char. Eye-spots absent ; a proboscis and 

 a foot with horn-like processes. 



The rotatory organ is double, but not 

 furnished with a stalk ; proboscis also cili- 

 ated ; foot elongate, forked, and with four 

 accessory horn-like processes, hence with 

 six points altogether ; teeth small and nu- 

 merous (two only in each jaw in one species, 

 Gosse). Fresh water. 



C. elegans, Ehr. (PI. 43. fig. 10). Crys- 

 talline ; length 1-70". (PI. 43. fig. 1 1, j aws.) 



C. rediviva, Ehr. Granular or fleshy, ova 

 red ; length 1-70". 



C. bidens, Gosse. Teeth two in each j aw ; 

 length 1-45". 



C. constricta, Duj. Rotatory organ con- 

 stricted ; length 1-50". 



C. parasttica, Gig. On Gammarus and 

 Asellus. 



BIBL. Ehrenb. Inf. p. 482; Dujardin, Inf. 

 p. 655 ; Pritchard, Inf. p. 701 ; Gosse, Ann. 

 N. H. 1851, viii. p. 202 j Giglioli. Qu. Mic. 

 J. 1863, p. 237. 



CALLITHAM'NION, Lyngb. A iromi* 

 of Ceramiaceoe(Florideous Algae) ^containing 

 a large number of species, some common, 

 many rare. In the smaller species the struc- 

 ture is very simple, the branched feathery 

 fronds being composed of single rows of tu- 

 bular cells; in the larger species the stem 

 and larger branches are strengthened by 

 external filaments, which grow over the 

 original axis, apparently originating at the 

 base of the upper branches and growing 

 down (somewhat as in Batrachospermum). 

 Antheridia have been observed in C. Uorrcri 

 and C. corymbosum, collected in tufts on 

 the ultimate branches. The favellce are 

 naked, and the tetraspores are tetrahedrally 

 arranged. 



BIBL. Harvey, Mar. Alga, pi. 23 A ; 

 Phyc. Sr. pis. 129, 272, 230, &c. ; Thuret, 

 Ann. d. Sc. N. 3 se'r. xvi. p. 16, pi. 4 ; Na- 

 geli, Algen-Systeme, 198, pi. 6. 



C I ALLODI'C'TYON, Carter. A genus of 

 Rhizopoda (Flagellate Infusoria, Kent). 



Char. Naked, free, ovate or variable, 

 highly vacuolar ; flagella three, food admit- 

 ted by the surface. 



C. triciliatum. Length -^Q". Fresh 

 water, Bombay. 



BIBL. Carter, Ann. N. H. 1865 : Kent. 

 Inf. 307. 



'CALO'CERA. A genus of Clavariei 

 (Hyrnenomycetous Fungi) differing from 

 Clavaria in the subcartilaginous texture and 

 viscid hymenium ; the structure moreover 

 approaches that of Tremellini. C. viscosa, 

 which occurs on decayed pine-stumps, is one 

 of our most beautiful Fungi. Three or four 

 more species occur in this country. 



BIBL. Berk. Outl. p. 284. 



CALODIS'CUS, Rabenhorst, = Campylo- 

 discus. 



CA'LOTHRIX, Ag. A genus of Oscil- 

 latorieae (Confer void Algae), growing in 

 tufts, the filaments forming a branched 

 frond by lying in apposition and being con- 

 creted by their sheaths here and there. 

 C. mirabilis, Ag. (PI. 8. fig. 22), is a rare 

 freshwater species in England, found on 

 mosses in small streams, seruginous green, 

 growing blackish. Diameter of the fila- 

 ments about 1-1200 to 1-1800". Accord- 

 ing to Hassall, C. atroviridis, Harv., is not 

 distinct. 



Other species. 



Fig. 95 illustrates the close annulations on 

 the filaments of this genus ; the nature of 

 which will be treated more particularly 

 under the head of OSCILLATORIACE^. 



