CH^ETOPSIS. 



[ 157 ] 



CHALAZA, 



Confervoid Algae, growing in sea or fresh 

 water, rarely terrestrial, invested with gela- 

 tine ; either filiform, or (a number of fila- 

 ments being connected together) expanded 

 into gelatinous, branched, definitely-formed 

 or shapeless masses or fronds. Filaments 

 jointed, furnished with bristle-like processes. 

 Fructification consisting of spores ; and four- 

 ciliated zoospores, formed out of the con- 

 tents of the articulations. 



Synopsis of British Genera. 

 Draparnaldia. Filaments free, gelati- 

 nous, the primary nearly colourless, bearing 

 tufts of coloured ramuli at the joint; zoo- 

 spores formed singly in the joints of the 

 ramuli. 



Ch&tophora. Filaments dichotomously 

 branched, aggregated into shapeless, in- 

 crusting or branched, gelatinous fronds, the 

 joints bearing bristle-like branches; zoo- 

 spores solitary in the articulations ; the 

 membranes of the filaments very fugacious. 

 Coleochcete. Frond disk-shaped or ir- 

 regularly expanded, adherent to leaves &c. 

 of aquatic plants under water, formed of 

 jointed dichotomous filaments radiating 

 from a centre, more or less conjoined late- 

 rally ; the joints producing from the back a 

 slender truncate open tube, from which a 

 long bristle is exserted. Fructification : 

 spores and zoospores formed in the joints. 



Ochlochcete. Frond discoid, appressed; 

 filaments cylindrical, radiating from a centre, 

 irregularly branched, consisting of a single 

 series of cells, each of which is commonly 

 prolonged above into an articulate bristle. 



Foreign genus. See APHANOCHJETE, 

 Kiitz. 



BIBL. See the genera. 

 CH^ETOP'SIS, Grey. A genus of Mu- 

 cedines (Hyphomycetous Fungi) charac- 

 terized by erect jointed threads, whorled 

 below, above simple and flagelliform, bear- 

 ing cylindrical spores from the tips of the 

 branchlets. One species only is known, C. 

 Wauchii. 



BIBL. Grev. Crypt. Fl pi. 236 ; Berkeley, 

 Br. Fung. 353 ; Cooke, Handbook, 614. 



CBLETOSPI'RA, Lachmann. A genus 

 of Infusoria, of the family Bursarina. 



Char. Buccal spire supported on a narrow 

 band-like process, at the base of which is 

 the mouth. 



C. Mulleri. Shell lageniform, horny. On 

 torn leaves oiLemna trisulca. 



C. mucifola. Shell gelatinous. Among 

 Algae, fresh water. 



BIBL. Ann. N. H. 1857, xix. pi. 9. figs. 6 

 and 7 ; Claparede and Lachmann, Infus. 216 ; 

 Kent, Infus. 601. 



CHJETOSTRO 'MA, Corda. See VOLU- 



TELLA. 



CH^ETOTYPH'LA, Ehr. A genus of 

 Infusoria, of the family Peridinaea. 



Char. Carapace (siliceous ?) hispid or 

 covered with rigid hairs ; no transverse 

 furrow, no eye-spot. 



C. armata (PI. 30. fig. 26 : a, side-view ; 

 6, posterior end view). Ovato-subglobose, 

 rounded at each end, hispid with short 

 setae, posteriorly a ring of dark prickles : 

 length 1-620". 



C. aspera (PL 30. fig. 26 c). Oblong, 

 rounded at each end, hispid with short setae ; 

 posterior prickles scattered without order ; 

 length 1-550". 



C. ? pyrites. Oblong cylindrical, ends 

 rounded; setae slender and elongate; no 

 posterior prickles ; length 1-1100", breadth 

 half the length. Fossil in flint. Ehreoberg 

 questions whether this is not a Xanthidium. 

 BIBL. Ehr. Infus. 250; Duj. Inf. 328. 

 CHAITOPH'ORUS, Koch. A genus of 

 Aphidae. 



Char. Antennas hirsute, 7-jointed; upper 

 wings with a doubly forked cubitus ; lower 

 with two oblique veins; abdomen studded 

 with tubercles tufted with bristles : dimor- 

 phous. 



Several species ; occurring upon the wil- 

 low, poplar, birch, c. 



BIBL. Buckton, Aphides (Ray Soc.), ii. 

 120. 



CHA'LAJRA. A genus of Mucedines 

 (Hyphomycetous Fungi) ; characterized by 

 the erect jointed threads, which at their 

 slender apices break up into cylindrical 

 spores. 



C. longipes has been found in this country. 

 BIBL. Sturm, D. Fl. 29, pi. 35 ; Saccardo, 

 Fasc. i. pis. 29-35. 



CHALA'ZA (in plants). The term ap- 

 plied to the base of the nucleus of ovules, 



Fig. 116. 



Section of an anatropous ovule : /, funiculus ; r, 

 raphe ; ch, chalaza ; p, external coat of testa ; s, inter- 

 nal coat or tegmen ; n, nucleus. 



where the substance of the former is con- 



