CHLOEATE. 



[ 167 ] 



CHLOROGONIUM. 



ends; radiate processes in a whorl of four 

 at first obtuse, then subacute ; flagelliform 

 filaments 4-5 ; length 1-1630"; fresh water 

 It revolves radidly upon its axis, anc 

 undergoes spontaneous division. 

 Two other species, one marine. 

 BIBL. Ehr. Ber. Berl Ak. 1848, 236 

 Kent, Inf. 315. 



CHLORATE OF POTASH. See POTASH. 

 CHLO'REA,NyL A genus of Lichens, 

 family Lichenacei, tribe Usnei. 



6 species. C. vulpina occurs in Europe. 

 BIBL. Nyl. Syn. 274, pi. 8. f. 1&-15; Jacq. 

 Misc. ii. pi. 10. fig. 4. 



CHLORIDES. See the bases. 

 CHLOROCHYT'RIUM, Cohn. A ge- 

 nus of Confervoid Unicellular Algae, allied 

 to Hydrocytium, Characium, and Chytridium ; 

 consisting of single, globose-ovoid, or irre- 

 gularly curved, 2-3- or multilobed cells, 

 densely filled with green protoplasm ; first 

 dividing into larger segments, then separa- 

 ting into innumerable pyriform zoospores, 

 escaping through a tubular process. 



C. lemnce. In the parenchyma of Lemna 

 trisulca ; diam. ao" 



BIBL. Cohn, Beitr. i. 1, 87 ; Wright, Tr. 

 Irish Acad. xxvi. 



CHLOROCOC'CUM, Grev. A genus 

 of Palmellaceas (Confervoid Algae). 



We have assigned to this the common 

 green pulverulent stratum which is found 

 upon every old tree, on all old palings and 

 other exposed woodwork, &c. If this proves 

 to be really a distinct plant, and not an 

 accumulation of germinating gonidia of 

 Lichens, it will still differ from the plants 

 we have assembled under the name of Pro- 

 tococcus in its general habit, especially in 

 the absence of zoospores. This point is, 

 however, still open to inquiry, since it 

 appears that the gonidia of the Lichens do 

 divide into two, four, and eight, to form a 

 pulverulent stratum, which exactly repre- 

 sents Chlorooocewn and Protococcus. 



Chi. wdgare, Grev. (PL 7. fig. 1). A 

 collection of extremely minute cells, multi- 

 plying by division into twos and fours, no 

 gelatinous substratum, no zoospores. Dia- 

 meter of single ceUs 1-3000 to 1-4000" 

 (Protococcus viridis, 1-2000 to 1-3000"). Old 

 dry palings, bark of trees, &c. everywhere. 

 Calculating from the known size of the cells 

 and the wide distribution, this, if a species, 

 would appear to be the most fecund Alga 

 in existence. There are 300 millions of in- 

 dividuals on a square inch, in a layer 1-100' ' 

 thick ; and such layers clothe almost every 



piece of unpainted timber and old trunk we 

 meet with in the country. C. murorum, Gr. 

 is perhaps a Palmogloea, Kiitz. 



Rabenhorst remarks that this species 

 closely resembles the gonidia of Lichens, 

 but that the cells have a nucleus, which is 

 wanting in the Lichen-gonidia. This is, 

 however, incorrect, as the nucleus is quite 

 distinct in these gonidia. 



Rabenhorst describes 12 species ; but 

 places C. vulgare in the genus Pleurococcus. 

 BIBL. Greville, Crypt. Fl. pi. 262 ; Has- 

 sall, Alga, pi. 81. fig. 5. 



CHLOROGO'NIUM, Ehr. A genus of 

 Infusoria, of the family Astasiaea. 



Char. A red eye-spot, a tail, and two 

 anterior filaments. (Not attached by a fixed 

 pedicle.) 



C. euchlorum (PI. 30. fig. 31). Spindle- 

 shaped, acute at each end, tail short ; length 

 1-1150 to 1-280". Found in enormous 

 numbers in pools and puddles ; frequently 

 as many as 10,000 in a single drop. 



These organisms do not admit colouring- 

 matter or foreign bodies ; hence they are 

 probably not Infusoria, but Algae. They 

 often adhere to each other in groups by the 

 so-called tails (PL 30. fig. 31, upper figure), 

 sometimes to foreign bodies (PL 30. fig. 31, 

 lower figure), which exhibits them adhering 

 to a dead Vorticelld). 



They undergo oblique spontaneous divi- 

 sion (PL 50. fig. 1) ; this commences in 

 the internal substance, which is constricted 

 before the outer portion. 



They also propagate by a process of 

 swarming, which takes place thus : the in- 

 ternal substance first separates somewhat 

 from the transparent wall, subsequently 

 becoming irregularly constricted at various 

 parts. The constrictions deepening, the con- 

 stricted portions separate from each other as 

 independent vesicles (?), and the internal 

 substance acquires the appearance of a black- 

 berry or bunch of grapes, consisting of a 

 fusiform aggregation of uniform longish oval 

 granules. Up to this period, the parent 

 organism continues its movements ; subse- 

 quently these cease. The granules have 

 now acquired independent vitality, and their 

 ilaments become developed. The envelope 

 :hen breaks near its middle, and the swarm 

 of young ones escape. In their somewhat 

 more developed stage they form Glenomo- 

 -um tingens, Ehr. See PROTOCOCCUS. 



BIBL. Ehr. In/us. 113; Weise, Wieg- 

 manrfs Archiv, 1848, i. 65; Stein, Infus. 

 188. 



