CCELASTRIUM. 



COLACIUM. 



branched pedicle, with a collar, and a single 

 flagellum ; reproduction by longitudinal 

 division, and encysting, with division into 

 germs. 



C. botrytts=Ejristylis b. Ehr. (PI. 53. fig. 

 15). Fresh water. 9 other species. (Kent, 

 In/us. 333.) 



CCELASTRUM, Nag. A genus of Pedi- 

 astreae (?) (Confervoid Algae). 



Char. Cell-group or frond globose, hol- 

 low internally, formed of a single reticular 

 layer of green cells. 



C. Naegelii (PI. 3. fig. 8). 3 other species : 

 found in boggy pools. 



BIBL. Nageli, EinzeU. Alg. 97; Raben- 

 horst, Flor. Alg. iii. 79. 



CCELENTERA'TA,Leuck. Asubking- 

 dom of the ANIMAL KINGDOM, composed 

 of the Zoophytes. 



C(ELOCYS'TIS,Kutz. Probably a rest- 

 ing form of EUGLENA, Henf . ; = Ccelosphce- 

 rium, Rab. 



CCELO'MON AS, Stein. A genus of Fla- 

 gellate Infusoria. 



Char. Free, 1 flagellum, variable, mouth 

 leading to a large chamber. 



C. grandis = Monas g. Ehr. (PI. 53. fig. 

 16) : marsh-water. (Kent, Infus. 392.) 



CCELOSPH^'RIUM, Nag. A genus of 

 Palmellacese (Confervoid Algae). 



Char. Frond globose, minute, hollow 

 within, consisting of minute seruginous 

 cells immersed in a simple mucous enve- 

 lope. 



3 species. In ditches and pools. 



BIBL. Rabenhorst, Fl.Alg.ii. 64; Archer, 

 Qu. Mic. Jn. 1879, xix. 440. 



C(ENOCO'LEUS,Berk. and Thwaites. 

 A genus of Oscillatoriaceae, distinguished 

 by the filaments growing "within a tough, 

 sidnny,more or less permanent outer coat." 

 C. Smithii forms a red mat of interlacing 

 threads on boggy soil ; the separatejfilaments 

 are green. C. cirrhosum, Eng. Bot. p. 2920, 

 is a DESMONEMA. 



BIBL. English Sot. Suppl. pi. 2940. 



C(ENOGO'NIUM,Ehr. A doubtful ge- 

 nus of tropical Lichens, usually placed 

 among the Lecideinei. The thai his has a 

 cuticiuar stratum variously and curiously 

 marked. 



14 species, growing on leaves, trees, and 

 earth. 



BIBL. Leighton, Ceylon Lich. 172. 



CCENU'RUS, Rudolph!. A supposed 

 genus of Entozoa, placed in the order Ste- 

 relmintha, and family Cystica ; since proved 

 to be nurse-forms or larvae of Tccnice. 



Char. A simple vesicle filled with an 

 albuminous liquid, upon the outer surface 

 of which a number of soft, short, retractile, 

 cylindrical and rugose rather than jointed 

 bodies (scolices) are situated. The head 

 of each resembles that of a Teenia, having 

 four disks and a crown of hooks. 



C. cerebralis (PL 21. fig. 10) is the larva 

 of Tccnia coenurus, which infests the dog. 



It occurs in the brain of sheep, producing 

 the t{ staggers ; " sometimes also in that of 

 the Horse, the Ox, the Rabbit, &c. The 

 vesicle is as large as the egg of a hen or a 

 pigeon. The scolices when extended are 

 about the 1-5 or 1-6" in length. When re- 

 tracted they appear to the naked eye as 

 opaque white specks. 



Other kinds occur in the lemur and the 

 rabbit. 



BIBL. Dujardin, Helminthes, 636; Kii- 

 chenmeister, Parasiten ; Cobbold, Entozoa, 

 1879. 



COFFEE. The "berries," as they are 

 vulgarly called, of coffee, are the seeds of 

 Coffesa arabica, a Dicotyledonous plant, of 

 the Nat. Order Cinchonaceaa. 



The " berries " consist of a mass of hard 

 endosperm (horny ALBUMEN), composed of 

 closely adherent thick-walled angular cells 

 (PL 2. fig. 5 6), with a thick skin composed 

 of a layer of thin-walled parenchymatous 

 cells forming a membrane, and a layer of 

 hard, easily separable, pitted, thick- walled 

 parenchymatous cells of larger size (PL 2. 

 fig. 5 a) ; true spiral vessels occur in the 

 groove on the inner face of the seed. Ground 

 coffee is subject to very extensive adultera- 

 tions, recognizable under the microscope; 

 by which the vascular and parenchymatous 

 tissues of roots, the starch or the integu- 

 ments of various grains and seeds, &c. (men- 

 tioned more particularly under CHICORY) 

 may be discovered. 



BIBL. Hassall, Food $c. 



COIR. The term coir-rope is applied to 

 cordage manufactured from the fibrous tis- 

 sue of the husk of the cocoa-nut. See 

 FIBROUS STRUCTURES. 



COLA'CIUM, Ehr. A genus of Flagel- 

 late Infusoria. 



Char. Flagellum single, free like Euylena 

 or attached by a simple or branched stalk, 

 green, with red eye-spot. 



C. vesiculosum (PL 30. fig. 32). Ovato- 

 fusiform, variable, internal vesicles distinct, 

 length 1-860". Fresh water, on Cyclops &c. 



C. stentorium. Cylindrical, conical, or 

 funnel-shaped ; variable, vesicles less dis- 



