CKUSTACEA. 



[ 216 ] 



CRYPTOMONADINA. 



palpi. Next follow five pairs of true tho- 

 racic legs, behind which are five pairs of 

 false or abdominal legs. 



The voluntary muscles of the Crustacea 

 are transversely striated. 



The eyes are either simple : consisting of 

 a convex cornea, behind which is a rounded 

 refracting body or lens ; this lies in a cup- 

 shaped mass of pigment, perforated by the 

 optic nerves ; compound without facets : 

 consisting of a smooth cornea, behind which 

 a number of closely-placed eyes are situ- 

 ated ; sometimes a modification of this form 

 occurs, in the existence of a smooth outer 

 and an inner faceted cornea ; or compound 

 faceted : as in the eyes of insects. The 

 facets are frequently four-sided, but some- 

 times six-sided. In some of the eyes a 

 conical vitreous body is situated behind the 

 lens. The eyes are sometimes sessile, at 

 others stalked. 



The alimentary canal is usually short and 

 nearly straight, sometimes curved or coiled. 

 Its wall consists of three or four layers, 

 the outermost, more or less fibrous, repre- 

 senting a peritoneal coat j the innermost, a 

 transparent, structureless, epithelial coat, 

 furnished at the part corresponding to 'the 

 stomach with calcareous teeth, scales, or 

 hairs, and which is thrown off during the 

 ecdysis. Between these two coats is a layer 

 of smooth muscular fibres. 



The liver exists either in the form of sim- 

 ple follicles surrounding the alimentary ca- 

 nal ; of branched caeca situated at its upper 

 end, sometimes with short ducts ; or as two 

 glandular tufts or branches, consisting of 

 more or less ramified and closely-connected 

 caeca, with short ducts. 



In many of the Crustacea the walls of the 

 alimentary canal are surrounded by cells 

 containing a bright orange-yellow or blue 

 fatty matter ; these are either scattered or 

 arranged in the form of lobules. They cor- 

 respond to the fatty body of Insects. 



The Crustacea undergo remarkable meta- 

 morphoses, the larvae differing strikingly 

 from the adults ; and to these, special names 

 were applied, being considered as distinct 

 genera : as Nauplius, Zoea, and Megalopa. 



See ASELLUS, CIRRIPEDIA, ENTOMOS- 

 TRACA, GAMMARUS, ONISCUS, and SIPHO- 



NOSTOMA. 



BIBL. That of ANIMAL KINGDOM, and 

 the Bibl. of the articles just cited ; Gegen- 

 baur, Vergl Anat. 247; Schultze (eyes), Qu. 

 Mic. Jn. 1868, 173 ; Chatin, Compt. JRend. 

 1876, Ixxxiii. 1052 (M. M. Jn. xvii. 92) ; 



Bell, Stalk-eyed Brit, (figs.) ; Bate and West- 

 wood, Sessile-ei/ed. 



CRYPTOCOC'CE^E. OneofKiitzing's 

 families of Algae, including his genera Cryp- 

 tococcus, Ulvina, and Sphferotilus, all of 

 which appear to be forms of the mycelia 

 (conidia ?) of Mildew Fungi ; they consist 

 of masses of extremely minute colourless 

 globules, aggregated into a membranous or 

 mucous stratum, and found floating in 

 aromatic waters, vinegar, &c. 



CRYPTOCOC'CUS, Kutz. See CRYP- 



TOCOCCEJE. 



CRYPTOGA'MIA. This term was ap- 

 plied by Linnaeus to his 24th Class, which 

 included all plants in which no true flowers 

 exist ; the name signifying that the sexual 

 organs are hidden. In Natural Arrange- 

 ments of the Vegetable Kingdom the term 

 is often used in the same sense ; but in this 

 case as one of two great divisions, being 

 opposed to Phanerogamia or Phaenogamia, 

 which are plants with the sexual organs 

 conspicuous. See VEGETABLE KINGDOM. 



CRYPTOGLE'NA, Ehr. A genus of 

 flagellate Infusoria, of the family Crypto- 

 monadina. 



Char. Free ; a red eye-spot ; carapace a 

 scutellum, rolled in at the margins, without 

 a neck. Freshwater. 



C. conica (PI. 30. fi^. 35 a). Conical, 

 expanded, and truncate in front, posteriorly 

 subacute ; bluish green ; length 1-1150"; 

 two flagelliform filaments. 



C.pigra (PL 30. %. 35 b). Ovato-sub- 

 globose, emarginate in front ; green ; length 

 1-1150". (Chloromonas, Kent.) Motion 

 slow ; filament single. 



C. ccerukscem. Elliptic, depressed, emar- 

 ginate in front ; bluish green ; length 1-6000"; 

 motion rapid ; no cilia distinguished. 



Carter adds 3 species. 



BIBL. Ehr. In/us. 46 ; Duj. In/us. 333 ; 

 Carter, Ann. N. H. 1858, ii. 253; 1859, iii. 

 18 ; Pritchard, Infm. 509 ; Kent, Inf. 419. 



CRYPTOGRAM'MA, Brown. A genus 

 of Pterideae (Polypodiaceous Ferns). 



Char. Sterile and fertile fronds usually 

 different; sori terminal on the veins, at 

 first separate and rounded, then confluent; 

 indusium formed of the involute margin of 

 the frond. 



C. crispa. British. 



BIBL. Hooker, Syn. Fil 144. 



CRYPTOMONADI'NA, Ehr. A family 

 of Infusoria. 



Char. An envelope or carapace, either 



