ENDOSPERM. 



[ 284 ] 



ENOPLID^E. 



classes : the crystalloid, or those which will 

 pass through a porous membrane, as soluble 

 salts ; the colloid, or those which will not, 

 as albuminous matters. This subject is of 

 special interest in regard to the nutrition 

 of animal and vegetable cells. For if their 

 walls are impervious to the so-called colloid 

 substances, a cell may be bathed with them, 

 and yet have to produce its own sarcodic 

 matter or protoplasm. 



BIBL. Fischer, Pogg. Ann. xi. 126 j Du- 

 trochet, Cycl. Anat. and Phys. ii. 98 ; 

 Works on Physics, as Butf^ Experim.-Physik ; 

 Pouillet, EUm. d. Physique ; Peschel, Phy- 

 sirs, &c. ; Graham, Proc. Roy. Soc. vii. 83 ; 

 Watts, Diet. (Dialysis) ; L'Hermite, Ann. 

 Sc. Nat. 4 se"r. ii. 73 ; Nageli, Phys. Vnters. ; 

 Hoppe-Seyler, Chim. Phys. 11 j Rod well, 

 Diet. Sc. 162. 



EN'DOSPERM. See ALBUMEX, of 

 Plants. 



EN'DOSPORE. The name applied by 

 some authors to the inner coat of spores. 

 See SPORE. 



ENERTHENETMA, Bowm. A genus 

 of Myxomycetes interesting from the fact 

 that the spores have been observed in situ ; 

 they are produced, five or six together, in 

 globular sacs (asci) attached to the free 

 apices of the filaments of the capillitium, 

 which arise from a disk at the top of the 

 percurrent stem (PI. 27. fig. 9). E. ekgans 

 was found by Bowman near Wrexham; 

 and it has since been found in South Caro- 

 lina,, and in Scotland. 



In the clustered spores it resembles 

 Badhamia and some species of Reticularia 

 figured by Corda. 



BIBL. Bowman, Linn. Tr. xvi. 151, pi. 

 16 ; Berk, and Broome, Ann. N. H. 1850. 

 v. 366, pi. 11. fig. 7. 



ENHYDROSO'MA, Boeck. A genus 

 of Copepodous Entomostraca. 



E. curvatum, in dredgings. (Brady, Cope- 

 pocla, Ray Soc. ii. 97.) 



ENOP'LID^E, Duj. A tribe of Nema- 

 toid Entozoa, distinguished by an oral or 

 pharyngeal armature, consisting either of 

 styles, hooks, or rods (bacilli). The mem- 

 bers are microscopic, and live in fresh or 

 sea- water, whence they sometimes find their 

 way into the alimentary canal of higher 

 animals. Genera : 



Dorylatmus. Filiform, narrowed at the 

 ends ; mouth tubular, retractile, armed with 

 a single very long horny style ; male with 

 two equal, short, falciform spicules ; fe- 

 male with the vulva in the middle of the 



body, the uterus divided into two opposite 

 branches ; ova large, oblong. 



D. stagnalis. In the intestines of the 

 carp and Gasterosteus. D. marinus ; marine. 



Passalu'rus. Fusiform, elongate, nar- 

 rowed behind, with a subulate tail, or sud- 

 denly narrowed ; head obtuse j mouth with 

 three oblong pieces (jaws), united by a re- 

 sisting folded membrane ; oesophagus cla- 

 vate, succeeded by a broader stomach ; skin 

 transversely striate ; male with a single 

 spicule ; female with the vulva near the 

 stomach ; uterus and ovaries simple ; egga 

 large, oblong. 



P. ambiguiis. Large intestine of the 

 rabbit and hare. 



Enop'lm. Filiform, narrowed at the 

 ends, most behind ; head angular or trun- 

 cate, with a few opposite setaB ; mouth with 

 three uncinate jaws ; oesophagus almost 

 cylindrical, cavity triquetrous ; tail ending 

 in a kind of sucker ; one or more red eye- 

 like spots on the oesophagus ; skin smooth j 

 male with a supplementary orifice (anus or 

 sucker) in front of the genital orifice, and 

 with two equal curved spicules ; vulva near 

 the middle of the body ; uterus divided into 

 two opposite branches j eggs elliptical. 

 Marine and freshwater. 



Oncholai'mus. Filiform, more or less 

 narrowed at the ends; head obtuse; buccal 

 cavity large, with two or three curved or 

 hooked jaws, placed lengthwise, at least one 

 with a prominent tooth j oesophagus elon- 

 gate, nearly cylindrical ; no stomach ; tail 

 apparently terminated by a sucker; skin 

 smooth. Male tail suddenly narrowed, 

 short ; spicules two, equal. Female vulva 

 near, or slightly behind the middle; uterus 

 two-branched ; eggs elliptic, large. Marine 

 and freshwater ; length 1-10". 



Anguil'Ma (RJiabditis). Pharynx with 

 two or three longitudinal bacilli. 



Atrac'tis. Mouth with two or three 

 jaws ; spicula two, unequal. 



Doubtful genera : 



Amblyu'ra, Ehr. Filiform, mouth trun- 

 cate, with cirrhi ; tail subulate, slightly ex- 

 panded at the end, where there is a sucto- 

 rial papilla ; spicule single, retractile, with- 

 out a sheath. Probably species of Oncho* 

 laimus or Enoplus. 



A. serpenttilus= Vibrio s., Miiller. Found 

 in an old vegetable infusion. 



A. gordius= Vibrio g. } Miill. In marine 

 infusions. 



Phanogk'ne. Filiform, pointed behind ; 

 mouth truncate, bilobed, with cirrhi, and 



