ENTOrilYSALIS. 



[ 200 ] 



KYFUZOA. 



ENTOPHY'SALIS, Kutz. A genus of 

 Palinellaceae (Confervoid Algse). 



C/tar. Frond globose, cartilaginous, con- 

 taining numerous more or less confluent 

 families of minute oblong cells. 



E. f/ranidosa. On marine rocks. Dalmatia. 



BIBL. Kiitzing, Pkyc. Gen. 177, pi. 18; 

 Rabenhorst, Alg. iii. 43 (fig.). 



EN'TOPHYTES. A general term ap- 

 plied to parasitic plants (chiefly Fungi), 

 growing in the interior of animal or vege- 

 table structures. See PARASITES, VEGE- 

 TABLE. 



ENTOP'YLA, Ehr. A genus of Diato- 

 maceae. 



Char. Frustules prismatic, compressed, 

 compound, arcuate ; the two end valves 

 transversely striated, not alike, one of 

 them being convex outwards, the other 

 concave, and with a large pore (?) at each end. 



E. nmtralis. Valves linear, rounded at 

 each end, with more than forty transverse 

 costse, traversed bv a longitudinal il-xuous 

 line ; inner plates in the adult state sixteen, 

 in the voung state only three ; marine, and 

 found in guano ; length 1-240", in the young 

 state 1-720" and with only six costae be- 

 tween the pores. 



BIBL. Ehr. Bcrl. Be)'. 1848, 6 j Ann. N. 

 Hist. 1848, i. 393. 



ENTOSI'PHON, Stein, =AnisoHcma, Duj., 

 pt. 



ENTOSOLE'NIA, Ehrenb. A Lagena 

 is said to be Entosolenian if it has its 

 neck, or stolon-tube, growing inwards (in- 

 troverted). This was once thought to be 

 a generic character ; but it occurs in Pohj- 

 morjthina, and is not even of specific value. 



Entosolenia (Layena) ylobosa, PI. 23. 

 fig. 23, , 6, is a very common form recent 

 and fossil. 



BIBL. Carpenter, Introd. Foram. 157. 



Fig. 197. 



Entosthodon Templetoni. 

 Fragment of the peristome. Magnified 100 diameters. 



ENTOSTHODON, Schwagr. A genus 

 of Funariaceae (Acrocarpous Mosses), inclu- 



ding some of the Gymnostoma and Weisstee 

 of authors. 



BIBL. Wilson, Bryol. Brit. 272 ; Berke- 

 ley, Handb. 175. 



'EN'TOTHRIX, Kutz. A genus of Os- 

 cillatoriaceae (Confervoid Algfe). 



Char. Frond tubular, composed of nu- 

 merous very slender filaments, dei 

 twisted into a cord, and enclosed in a la- 

 mellar sheath. 



E. fnnicularis. Filaments continuous, 

 brownish, flexuous. In long-kepi v. 



BIBL. Kiitzing, Phyc. Gen. 224, pi. 5. 

 fig. 8; Rabenhorst, Fl. Alg. ii. 100 (fi-.). 



ENTOZO'A. A class of Venues j con- 

 taining the intestinal worms, c. 



The Entozoa are animals mostly residing 

 parasiticallv, during either the whole or a 

 part of their lives, in the cavities or in tin- 

 substance of the organs of other animal^ ; 

 they are very generally met with through- 

 out the Animal Kingdom; and they derive 

 their nourishment from the liquids of those 

 animals of which they constitute the \ , 

 sites. Their form is mostly elongate, and 

 the body more or less distinctly jointed. 



The integument consists of a delicate ho- 

 mogeneous epidermis, often thrown into 

 transverse folds ; sometimes also into longi- 

 tudinal folds, giving the body a wi< 

 appearance. In some species it is furnished 

 with papillae, spines, or hornv reil 

 prickles, either scattered over tjjie greater 

 part of the surface or confined to the ante- 

 rior extremity of the body, in the latter 

 case serving as organs of adhesion. Beneath 

 the epidermis is the cutis, intimately fu^ed 

 with or almost entirely consisting of layers 

 of transverse, longitudinal, and oblique ilat- 

 tened fusiform muscular fibres, resembling 

 the organic or unstriped muscular fibres of 

 the Vertebrata. 



Beneath or in the substance of the skin, 

 in the Cestoid Entozoa, are numerous mi- 

 nute oval or rounded bodies, containing 

 carbonate and phosphate of lime; these are 

 regarded as forming the rudiments of a 

 cutaneous skeleton, and they possess a con- 

 centric laminated structure. 



The form and structure of the head and 

 its apppendages, in the shape of hooks, suck- 

 ers, &c., are described with the genera and 

 species, as their form and arrangement are 

 used as generic characters. 



The nervous system of the Entozoa is not 

 well known. In the cystic or larval forms, 

 none has been detected. In the Cestoids 

 and Acanthocephala, it consists of a single 



