EYE. 



[ 315 J 



FASOLE. 



made out by dissecting the eye under water ; 

 but the more delicate structures should be 

 immersed in the liquid of the anterior 

 chamber. Solution of chromic acid and 

 alcohol is useful for hardening the parts to 

 allow of sections being made with a Valen- 

 tin's knife. The cornea may be hardened 

 in chromic acid, sections cut in paraffine, 

 and stained with logwood. The nerves and 

 corpuscles are best stained with nitrate of 

 silver or chloride of gold. The retina may 

 be hardened in chromic acid and spirit, 

 and the rods and cones in osmic acid, 

 sections being made by freezing ; logwood 

 stains the granular layers, the rods and 

 cones remaining unaltered. The lens should 

 be hardened, either by maceration in solu- 

 tion of chromic acid, or by drying. The 

 fibres may be well preserved in the dry 

 state. 



The structure of the eyes of the lower 

 animals is briefly noticed under the classes, 

 &c. In the mammalia generally, it is 

 essentially the same as in man j and the eye 

 of the ox or sheep may be selected for 

 examination. 



BIBL. Kolliker, Mik. An. ; Todd and 

 Bowman's Phys. of Man] Miiller, H., 

 Comptes Rendus, 1856, 743 (Ann, N. H. 

 1856, xviii. 492) ; Nunneley, Qu. Micr. 

 Jn. 1858, 136 ; Schultze, An. und Phys. d. 

 Retina (8 pi.), 1867, & Strieker's Handbuch, 

 976; Hulke, Mn. Mic. Jn. ii. 227, Phil. Tr. 

 cv. 109; Lawson, Ciliary Muscle of Birds, 

 ibid. ii. 204 ; Frey, HistoL, 1876, and the 

 full literature therein ; Klein, HistoL 342 ; 

 Hannover, Ret. de Fhomme et d. Vertebr., 

 1877; Gerlach, An. mensch. Auge,I88Q; 

 Eloni, Cornee d. an. vert. 1881. 



EYLAIS, Latr. A genus of Arachnida, 

 of the order Acarina, and family Hy- 

 drachnea. 



Char. Palpi longish, fourth joint longest, 

 the fifth obtuse, somewhat tumid, spinous ; 

 mandibles unguiculate ; rostrum very short, 

 mouth round; body depressed; two ap- 

 proximate pairs of eyes ; coxae compara- 

 tively narrow, the fourth only in contact 

 with the third at its base. 



E. extenders (PI. 6. fig. 28). Skin soft, 

 furrowed, with the ramified alimentary canal 

 visible through its substance. Between the 

 two anterior coxae (d) is seen the bilobed 

 labium (a), the posterior portion containing 

 the round and ciliated mouth, the anterior 

 portion forming a kind of hood ; palpi (6) 

 with the three first joints very short; man- 

 dible consisting of a long thick joint, with 



a thick mobile claw (c). Fig. 28 d, under 

 surface of body, exhibiting from before 

 backwards : the mouth, with the hood, and 

 the palpi ; next two groups of anterior coxae ; 

 the vulva and two stigmata ; the four pos- 

 terior coxae ; and, lastly, the anus in the 

 middle, with a stigma on each side. 



The larvae are hexapod, reddish, pellucid, 

 with the eyes four, wide apart. 



E. confinis, K. 



E. atomaria, K. 



BIBL. Duges, Ann. Sc. Nat. 2 se"r. i. 156 ; 

 Gervais, Walcken. Arachnid, iii. 207 ; Koch, 

 Deutschl. Crustac. 



F. 



FABULARIA, Defrance. A porcella- 

 neous Foraminifer, growing like a Bilocu- 

 lina, but having its chambers filled with 

 labyrinthic shell-matter, the cavities in 

 which are mostly elongate with the axis 

 of the shell. They are narrow, and, open 

 ing terminally, make a cribriform septal 

 face. 



Quinqueloculina saxorum has thickenings 

 within, making internal grooves and ridges, 

 thus verging on the Fabularian type ; and 

 Hauerina has a cribriform septal plate, but 

 without superadded internal structure. 



Fabidaria ovata (De Roissy), known also 

 as F. discolithus of Defrance, abundant in 

 the Eocene Tertiaries of France, is the only 

 known species. 



BIBL. Carpenter, Introd. For am. 82. 



FADYE'NIA, Hook. A genus of As- 

 pidieae (Polypodiaceous Ferns); 1 spec., 

 Brazil. 



FyECES. We shall not dwell upon the 

 nature of the objects contained in the faeces ; 

 suffice it to say that they may consist of : 

 the elements of the various secretions 

 poured into the intestinal canal ; the pro- 

 ducts of inflammation ; undigested remains 

 of articles of food, or bodies taken with the 

 food or drink ; and entozoa (Anchylostoma, 

 Anguttlula,Trichocephalus),Amo2bce,Bacteria 

 &c. Some of these resemble other bodies 

 very closely to the naked eye. The use of 

 chemical reagents should never be omitted 

 in their examination. 



FARREL'LA, Ehr. A genus of Cteno- 

 stomatous Polyzoa, fana. Vesiculariidae. 



F. repens ; no gizzard ; on shells, algae &c. 

 (Hincks, Polyzoa, 528.) 



FASCLE. The fascias consist of the 

 same elements as AREOLAR TISSUE, and 



