FUNGI. 



[ 346 ] 



FUSARIUM. 



I. SCHIZOMYCETES. Consisting of 

 threads which break up into minute cylin- 

 drical bodies, sometimes straight, some- 

 times curved, or microscopic globular par- 

 ticles j in the former case, sometimes at 

 length swarming and forming a cloudy 

 gelatinous mass : in solutions or in decom- 

 posing substances. 



II. PHYCOMYCETES. Aquatic or epi- 

 phytous, propagated by zoospores, or by 

 oo^pores arising from fertilization. 



1. Saprolegnice. Aquatic. 



2. Peronosporea. Epiphytic. 



3. Mucorini. Fermentigerous ; Sapro- 

 phytic (Moulds). 



HI. HYPODERMIC. Epiphyllous. 



IV. BASIDIOMYOETES. Spores seated 

 upon Basidia or Sporophores arising from 

 a distinct hymenium. 



1. Tremettina. Tissues gelatinous; hy- 

 meniurn exposed. 



2. Hymenomycetes. Tissue cellular, hy- 

 meuium inferior (Mushrooms &c.). 



3. Gasteromycetes. Hymenium intri- 

 cate, cellular, internal (Puff-balls &c.). 



V. ASCOMYCETES. Sporidia contained 

 in Asci (thecae). 



1. Protomyces. More properly perhaps 

 associated with Peronosporeae. 



2. Tuberacece. Hymenium as in Gas- 

 teromycetes (Truffles &c.). 



3. Onygenece. On animal substances, 

 very rarely on decayed wood. 



4. Pyrenomycetes. Asci contained in 

 perithecia. 



5. Discomycetes. Hymenium superior, 

 disciform. 



VI. MYXOMYCETES. Spores amoeboid 

 in germination, subsequently conjugating. 



BIBL. Berkeley, Fungales, Lindley's Veg. 

 Kingd. : Fungi, in Hooker's Br. Fl. and 

 Crypt. Bot. ; also numerous papers in Ann. 

 N. H. ; Montague, Ann. N. H. ix. ; Corda, 

 Ic. Fung. 1837-40 ; Greville, Scott. Crypt. 

 Fl. ; Nees v. Esenbeck, Syst. Pilze ; Fries, 

 Syst. Myc. & Summa Veget. ; Tulasne, Fung. 

 Carp. 18(50-5 ; De Bary, Frucht. Ascomycet. 

 1863, 11 ; id. & Woronin, Morph. $c. d. 

 Pilze, 1870 ; Tulasne, Ann. Sc. N. 1866, vi. 

 217 ; Janczewsky, Bot. Zeit. 1871 ; Fuistirig, 

 Bot. Zeit. 1868; Baranetzki, Bot. Zeit. 1872; 

 Sachs, Bot. 1874, 307 ; Cornu, Ann. Sc. N. 

 1876 (M. M.Jn. xvii. 1877, 295); Tieghem, 

 Ann. Sc. N. 1875, ii. 365 (sexuality dis- 

 puted}] Cooke, Br. Fungi, 1871 (descript. 

 ofsp., $ figs, of gen.}; Brefeld, Schimmel- 



pilze, 1881 ; Bary & Woronin, Morph. d. 

 Pilze, 1881. 



FUNGUS -BED. My cologists find this 

 very useful for growing the microscopic 

 Fungi. It is best made of a small wooden 

 box half-tilled with damp bog-earth, and 

 covered with a plate of glass. In winter it 

 should be kept in a warm room. 



FURCELLA'RIA, Lamx. A genus of 

 Cryptoneniiacese (Florideous Algae), con- 

 taining one common British species, growing 

 on rocks and stones between tide-marks, 

 consisting of a fastigiate, dichotomously- 

 divided frond, 6 to 12" high, of a brownish- 

 purple colour, and somewhat cartilaginous 

 texture. The tetraspores, which are linearly 

 arranged, are imbedded in the periphery of 

 the swollen pod-like extremities of the 

 branches. Conceptacular fruit as yet un- 

 known. 



BIBL. Harvey, Mar. AJg. 147, pi. 18 C ; 

 Phyc. Brit. pi. 94 ; Greville, Alg. Brit. pi. 

 11 ; Eng. Bot. pi. 894 ; Thuret,^Lww, Sc. N. 

 1855, iii. 5. 



FURCULARIA, Lam. A genus of Ro- 

 tatoria, of the family Hydatinaea. 



Char. Eye single, frontal ; tail-like foot 

 forked. Several species j all freshwater but 

 one, which is marine. 



F. Reinhardtii, E. (PI. 43. fig. 34: fig. 35, 

 teeth). Body fusiform, truncated in front ; 

 foot elongate, cylindrical ; toes two, short : 

 length 1-120". 



Found creeping upon Laomedea geni- 

 culata. 



F. gibba. Body oblong, slightly com- 

 pressed, dorsallv convex, ventrally flat; 

 toes styliform, half as long as the body ; 

 length 1-96". Freshwater. 



BIBL. Ehrenb. In/us. 419; Dujardin, 

 Inf. 648; Gosse, Ann. N. H. 1851, viii. 199. 



FUSA'RIUM, Lk. A genus of Stilbacei 

 (Hyphomycetous Fungi), not very satis- 

 factorily distinguished from FUSISPOEIUM ; 

 but having a firm, cellular, pulvinate, fleshy 

 stroma, upon which the spores are borne on 

 distinct sporophores glued together into an 

 erumpent discoid stratum. 1*. tremelloides 

 is common, forming roundish orange-red 

 spots on decaying nettle-stems; but it is 

 now believed to be a spore-bearing state of 

 Peziza fusarioides. F. roseum forms little 

 gregarious red dots on the stems of beans, 

 Jerusalem artichokes, and other plants. 



BIBL. Berk. Hook. Br. Fl. ii. pt. 2. 

 355; Fries, Syst. Myc. iii, 469, Summa 

 Veg. 472; Greville, Sc. Crypt. FL pi. 20; 

 Fresenius, Beitr. z. My col. Heft 1. 35. 



