HENDEKSONIA. 



[ 386 ] 



HEPATIC^E. 



HENDEBSO'NIA, Berkeley (Sporoca- 

 dus, Corda, in part). A genus of Sphsero- 

 nemei (Stylosporous Fungi), interesting as 

 having furnished one of the earliest dis- 

 covered examples of two forms of fructifica- 

 tion, leading to the abolition of the distinction 

 between Coniomycetous and Ascomycetous 

 Fungi (CONIOMYCETES). Berkeley has 

 seen two conditions of spores in H. muta- 

 bilis, and states that Fries informs him of 



Fig. 316. 



Hendersonia. 



Spores on the perithecium. 

 Magnified 200 diama. 



the observation of asci and septate naked 

 spores (stylospores) conjointly in Hendersonia 

 Syringee. Several British species have been 

 described. They form dark spots or patches 

 on the stems of herbs or twigs of trees, the 

 dark matrix having a perithecium excavated 

 in it, lined by a gelatinous stratum, on which 

 stand stalked fusiform septate spores (fig. 

 316). 



H. elegans, Berk. (PI. 27. fig. 11) (Ann. 

 N. H. 1840, vi. pi. 11. fig. 9). On the culms 

 of reeds. 



H. macrospora, Berk, and Broome (/. c. 

 2nd ser. v. 373). On dead twigs of Phi- 

 ladelphus. 



H. arcus, Berk, and Br. (/. c.). On Box 

 twigs. 



H. mutabih's, Berk, and Br. (/. c.). 

 dead twigs of Plane. 



H. polycystis, Berk, and Br. (I. c.). 

 dead twigs of Birch. 



H. macropus, Berk, and Br. (/. c.). 

 dead leaves of Carex. 



H. typhoidearum, Desmazieres (Ann. Sc. 

 Nat.S se"r.xi. 344). On dead stems of Typha, 

 &c. 



H. Stephensii, Berk, and Br. (Ann. N. 

 H. 2 ser. viii. 95). On dead stems of Pteris 

 aquilina. 



H, fibriseta, Berk. (Hooker's Jn. JBot. iv. 

 43). On birch planks. 



On 

 On 



On 



BIBL. Berkeley, and Berk, and Broome, 

 Ann. N. H. iv. 43 ; Hooker's Jn. of Sot. iii. 

 319 ; Fries, Sum. Veg. 416 ; Tulasne, Ann. 

 Sc. Nat. 4 ser. v. 115. 



HEPAT'KLE. An order of Muscales 

 (Cryptogamous Plants), consisting of plants 

 of small size, varying much in structure, 

 inhabiting damp spots on the ground, rocks, 

 or trees, or floating on water. 



The vegetative structure of the lowest 

 forms consists simply of a patch of green 

 membrane, spreading over the ground, 

 composed of a single (Anthoceroa Itevis) or 

 double (Sphterocarpus terrestris) layer of 

 cells containing chorophyll. In Marchantia 

 (see MARCHANTIA) there is an advance ; the 

 frond not only exhibits more definitely cha- 

 racterized lobes, but also a considerable 

 thickness, and a complexity of internal 

 structure, since it possesses an epidermis 

 investing both surfaces, and containing 

 stomata on the unper (see STOMATA). The 

 lower epidermis is also provided with nu- 

 merous radical hairs (see HAIBS and SPIRAL 

 STRUCTURES). Fimbnaria (fig. 318) and 



Fig. 317. 



Fig. 318. 



Fimbriaria fragrans. 



Fig. 317. Lobe of a frond. Nat. size. 

 Fig. 318. Section of frond, showing two immersed 

 antheridia. Magnified 40 diams. 



Lunularia (fig. 319), &c., likewise possess 

 thick cellular fronds. In Riccia the frond 

 also presents a reticulated upper face pro- 

 vided with stomata; but the form of the 

 entire frond is usually elongated and bifur- 

 cated, and a slight groove runs along the 

 middle line, almost like a mid-nerve. This 

 central line exhibits a difference in the in- 

 ternal cellular structure, since it is composed 

 of elongated cells, while the surrounding 

 green substance is composed of spherics! 

 cells, such as constitute the entire mass 

 enclosed between the upper and lower epi- 

 dermis of the frond of Marchantia. The 

 groove on the upper face (of Hiccia) corre- 

 sponds to a rib on the lower face, from 

 which arise most of the radical filaments. 



