MOSSES. 



[ 515 ] 



MOSSES. 



Fig. 486. 



Fig. 487. 



Orthoti'ichum phyllanthum. 



Leaves with gemmae at the tips. 



Magnified 25 diameters. 



independence of the individual cells forming 

 the organs of these plants, where, tinder 

 peculiar circumstances, a single cell of the 

 tissue may be developed so as to lay the 

 foundation of a new plant. 



In the following arrangement of the 

 Mosses we follow Miiller. The order Mus- 



Fig. 488. 



caceae is first divided into two suborders 

 according to the habit of growth : 



ACROCARPI. Mosses with the fruit- 

 stalk terminating the stem, or short special 

 branches (Cladocarpi). 



PLEUROCARPI. Mosses with the fruit- 

 stalk produced only from lateral buds. 



Synopsis of the Families. 

 ACROCARPI. 



* Schistocarpi. Capsule without a lid 

 (operculuni), opening by longitudinal 

 fissures. 



ANDRJEACE^:. Capsule splitting into 

 four valves. 



** Cleistocarpi. Capsule without a lid, 

 bursting open irregularly. 



BRUCHIACE^. Cells of the leaf (areola- 

 tioti) parenchymatous, looser at the base, 

 not papillose, dense. 



PHASCACEJE. Areolation of the leaf 

 parenchymatous, dense, filled with chloro- 

 phyll, more or less papillose. 



EPHEMERE-E. Areolation of the leaf 

 parenchymatous, everywhere lax, not papil- 

 lose. 



Fig. 490, 



Fig. 491. 



Hedwigia ciliata. 



Creeping filaments with tuber-like gemmae. 

 Fig. 488, magnified 50 diameters. 

 Fig. 489, magnified 20 diameters. 



Fig. 490. Orthotrichum Lyellii. Leaves with mar- 

 ginal gemmae. Magn. 50 diams. 



Fig. 491. Aulacomnium undulatum. Gemmae in the 

 place of the capsule. Magn. 20 diams. 



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