PHACOTUS. 



[ 591 ] 



PHIALINA. 



BIBL. Lindsay, Brit. Lich. 318 ; Qu. Mic. 

 Jn. 1869, 143. 



PHACOTUS, Perty. A genus of Cryp- 

 tomonadina. 



Char. Body round, biconvex, with two or 

 four filaments. Probably it is one of the 

 Algae. 



BIBL. Pritchard, Infns. 513. 

 PHA'CUS, Nitzsch, Duj. A genus of 

 Flagellate Infusoria, family Thecamona- 

 dina. 



Char. Body flattened and leaf -like, usu- 

 ally green, with an anterior red (eye-) spot, 

 a single flagelliforni filament, and covered 

 with a resisting membranous integument, 

 prolonged posteriorly like a tail. Fresh- 

 water. 



Dujardin distinguishes this genus from 

 Euglena, by the constancy of the form of 

 the body, which varies every moment in 

 the latter genus. 



P. pleuronectes (PL 31. fig. 62). Body 

 oval, almost circular, green, with slightly 

 marked longitudinal furrows, and a tail-like 

 prolongation a third or fourth of its length ; 

 length 1-630". 



P. longicaudm (PL 31. figs. 3 & 63). Other 

 species. 



BIBL. Duj. Inf. 334; Archer, Qu. Mic. 

 Jn. 1871, 99 ; 



PH^EOSPO'RE^E, Thuret. See Fu- 



ooo 

 COIBE^ 5 p. ooo. 



PHALANSTE'RIUM, Cienk. A genus 

 of Choano-Flagellate Infusoria. Bodies 

 ovate, flagellum single, with a basal collar ; 

 imbedded in a simple or branched gelatinous 

 zoary. Two species ; freshwater. (Cien- 

 kowski, Arch. mikr. An. iv. 428; Kent, 

 Inf. 361.) 



PHALLOIDE'L A family of Gastero- 

 mycetous Fungi, characterized by the pro- 

 trusion of a large clavate, columnar, stellate 

 body, or globular, hollow, latticed frame- 

 work, from the summit of the burst peri- 

 dium. The basidiospores must be observed 

 early here, as they fall off and form a deli- 

 quescent mass upon the hymenium when 

 the sporauge is mature. The fleshy struc- 

 ture protruded from the dehiscent capsule 

 is composed of spherical cells very loosely 

 connected : the peridium, which is very 

 tough, is composed of closely packed, very 



t slender, filamentous cells. 

 BIBL. Berkeley, Ann. N. H. iv. 155 ; Br. 

 Fl. ii. pt. 2. 226 ; Rossmann, Bot. Zeit. xi. 

 185. 



PHARCID'JA, Korb. A genus of 

 Micro-lichens found on the apothecia of 



Lecanora. Spores 8 ; 2-4-locular, colourless, 

 linear, or rod-shaped. (Lindsay, Qu. Mic. 

 Jn. 1869, 343.) 



PHASCA'CEJE. A family of inopercu- 

 late Acrocarpous (terminal-fruited) Mosses, 

 minute, gregarious or csespitose, with a 

 simple or branched stem. Leaves oblong, 

 oval, lanceolate or spathulate, concave, with 

 a thick cylindrical nerve ; the cells of the 

 leaves parenchymatous, looser at the base, 

 by degrees denser towards the summit, 

 mostly papillose. Capsules mostly obliquely 

 apiculate, with spores larger than in most 

 Mosses, but not so large as in ARCHIDIUM. 

 Columella soon vanishing in the smaller 

 species. 



British Genera. 



Acaidon. Plants very dwarf, gregarious. 

 Capsule contained in the closed pericheete. 

 Calyptra mitre-shaped, dimidiate. In- 

 florescence monoecious (antheridia on a 

 distinct branch at the base of the stem) : or 

 dioecious (antheridia terminal on a distinct 

 plant), bud-like. 



Phascum. Plants csespitose. Perichgete 

 open. Capsule on a longish stalk, and 

 mostly obliquely apiculate. Calyptra dimi- 

 diate. Inflorescence monoecious (antheridia 

 terminal in a bud on a distinct lateral branch, 

 or naked and axillary on the fruit-bearing 

 branch), or dioecious. 



PHASCO'LON, Stein. A genus of 

 Hypotrichous Infusoria. Free, plano-convex, 

 broadest in front; pharynx enclosing a 

 rod-fascicle. P. vorticetta ; freshwater ; 

 length 1-288". (Kent, Inf. 746.) 



PHAS'CUM, L. A genus of Phascacese 

 (Acrocarpous Mosses), which is now sub- 

 divided variously by different authors. 

 Wilson separates the earlier Ph. alterni- 

 folium only, under the name of Archidium 

 foreign authors further distinguish between 

 PHASCUM, ACATJLON, EPHKMERUM, and 

 ASTOMUM. Species retained : Ph. crispum, 

 cuspidatum, curmcollum, rectum, bryoides. 

 Ph. cuspidatum is very common on banks, 

 especially on a gravelly soil. 



BIBL. Wilson, Bryol Br. 32; Hooker, 

 Br. Fl ii. pt. 1. 6. 



PHIALI'NA, Bory, Ehr. A genus of 

 Holotrichous Infusoria, family Trachelina. 



Char. Body finely ciliated, having a kind 

 of neck crowned with large cilia; mouth 

 lateral, below the appendix to the neck ; 

 freshwater. 



P. viridis (PL 31. fig. 61). Body oval, 

 nask-shaped, green, suddenly narrowed in 



