IMIIALONEMA. 



r 592 



PHLYCT.KXA. 



front and gradually behind, neck short 

 longth 1-290". 



P. vermicidaris. White. 



BIBL. Ehr. Inf. 333 ; Clap, et Lach. Inf. 

 304; Kent, Inf. 519. 



PHIALONE'MA, Stein. A genus of 

 Flagellate Infusoria. Free, flask-shaped, 

 oral aperture everted, with a single lateral 

 flagellum. P. cyclostomum, surface spirally 

 ribbed or striate; freshwater; length 1-500". 

 (Kent, Inf. 373.) 



PHILODI'NA, Ehr. A genus of Rota- 

 toria, of the family Philodinaea. 



Char. Eyes two, cervical ; tail -like foot 

 with horn-like lateral processes. 



Ehrenberg describes seven species ; fresh- 

 water ; in general structure and appearance 

 closely resembling Rotifer. 



P. erythrophthalma (PI. 44. fig. 17). 

 Colourless, smooth, eyes round, processes 

 of foot short; length 1-120 to 1-50". 



P. roseola is reddish, the eyes oval ; 

 P. collar is has a projecting cervical ring ; 

 P. citrina has the middle of the body yel- 

 lowish ; P. macrostyla has oblong eyes, and 

 the foot-processes very long ; in P. megalo- 

 trocha the eyes are oval, and the rotatory 

 organs very large ; and in P. aculeata the 

 body is covered with soft setaceous pro- 

 cesses. 



BIBL. Ehr. Inf. 498; Pritchard, Inf. 

 705. 



PHILODIN.E'A, Ehr. A family of 

 Rotatoria. 



Char. No sheath or carapace; rotatory 

 organs two, simple, resembling two wheels 

 when the cilia are in motion. 



Body usually cylindrical, or somewhat 

 spindle-shaped, contractile even so as to 

 form a ball. In certain states of extension 

 it sometimes appears pointed in front, 

 from the presence of a proboscis ; in others 

 the two ciliated rotatory organs are pro- 

 truded. 



The animals are capable of swimming by 

 means of the cilia, or of creeping like a 

 leech, the ends of the body being alter- 

 nately fixed. The tail-like foot is often 

 furnished with horn-like lateral processes 

 and terminal toes. 



Ehrenberg distinguishes seven genera : 



A. Eyes absent. 



a. "Proboscis and horn-like lateral pro- \ fallidina 



cess on the foot present f 



|3. Proboscis and horn-like processes ) 



absent J 



a . Rotary organ stalked Hydrtas. 



6. Eotary organ not stalked Typhlina . 



B. Eyes present. 



Eyes two, frontal. 



Foot with horn-like processes. 



Toes two Eolifer. 



Toes three Actmv.ru*. 



Foot without horn-like proces- ) -M-nnnlnhi* 



ses, but with two toes... \ M 



Eyes two, cervical Phtiodina. 



BIBL. Ehrenberg, Infus. p. 481. 



PHILOME'DES, Lilljeborg. A Cypri- 

 dinad, witli suboval valves, notched in front, 

 spined behind, punctate. Upper antennas 

 6-jointed, longer in the male : natatory 

 branch of lower antennae 9-jointed, secon- 

 dary branch setose in the female, cheliform 

 in the male. Eyes small and pale in female, 

 large and red in male. 1 British species, 

 rare. 



BIBL. Brady, Linn. Tr. xxvi. 377; Pr. 

 Zool. Soc. 1871, 291. 



PHILOP'TERUS, Nitzsch. A genus of 

 Anoplurous Insects, of the family Philo- 

 pteridae. 



Char. Antennae filiform, five-jointed; 

 maxillary palpi none; mouth with strong 

 toothed mandibles ; tarsi with two claws. 



The species are yeiy numerous, and have 

 been arranged in six subgenera : Docopho- 

 rus, Nirmus; Goniocotes, Goniodes, Lipeurus, 

 and Ch-nithobius. In some of them there are 

 two movable organs (trabeculse) situated 

 in front of the antennae. 



P. (Docophorus) communis (PI. 35. fig. 5). 

 Chestnut- coloured, shining, with white 

 hairs ; head triangular, elongate, anterior 

 portion much produced; trabeculae very 

 large, curved ; posterior femora much incras- 

 sated and toothed below. Length 1-16". 



Parasitic upon the Passeres or Insessores. 



BIBL. Denny, Anoplur. Monoyr. (Y2. 



PHLE'BIA* Fr. A genus of Hymeno- 

 mycetous Fungi, intermediate between 

 Hydnei and Auricularini. The hymenium 

 is soft and pinched up into crest-like 

 wrinkles or veins, which do not form di- 

 stinct pores. Four species are found in this 

 country, of which two at least are very 

 pretty when in perfection. 



BIBL. Frtyrf.lfyc.i420; Grev.t.280; 

 Hass. ii. t. 44; Berk. Outl. 263; Cooke, 

 Handb. 305. 



PHLOEM. The liber-portion of the 

 fibro-vascular bundles of stems. 



PHLYCT^E'NA, Desmaz. A genus of 

 SphaBronemei (Stylosporous Fungi), nearly 

 related to Septoria, differing in the absence 

 of a proper peritheciurn. P. vayabunda has 

 been found in Britain. 



BIBL. Berk, and Broome, Ann. N. II. '2. 



