PULLENIA. 



[ 648 ] 



PUSTUL1PORA. 



P. pipistrellfs. The two first and the 

 seventh segments only with teeth. 



BIBL. Westwood, Intr. ii. 489; Bouche", 

 Nov. Act. 1835, xvii. 501 ; Duges, Ann. 

 Sc. N. 1832, xxvii. 165 ; Gervais, Wakke- 

 naer's Apt. iii. 362; Denny, Ann. N. H. 

 1843, xii. 315; Landois, An. d. Hunde- 

 Flohs, 1867 ; Furlong, Mn. Mic. Jn. 1872, 

 263 ; Me"gnin, Paras'. 60 ; Taschenberg, D. 

 Ftihe, 1880. 



PULLE'NIA, Parker & Jones. A mi- 

 nute, globose, glassy, nautiloid Foraminifer, 

 near Globigerina ; snowing usually 4 or 5 

 chambers and a transverse slit-like aper- 

 ture ; an isomorph of Nonionina. Recent 

 and fossil. 



BIBL. Carpenter, Introd. For. 184. 



PUL VINULI'NA, Parker & Jones. One 

 of the typical Rotalida. Shell with 7-30 

 cells; dense and delicately tubuliferous, 

 often limbate, sometimes prickly, granulate, 

 and stellate ; usually biconvex (P. repanda, 

 PI. 24. fig. 16) ; sometimes outspread, and 

 vermiculate (P.vermicularis, PI. 24. fig. 11); 

 septa single, little trace of canal-system ; 

 aperture large, arched or notched ; septal 

 face often coarsely perforated. Very nume- 

 rous species, recent and fossil. 



BIBL. Carpenter, For. 310; Parker and 

 Jones, Phil. Tr. civ. 390. 



PUNCTA'RIA, Greville. A genus > of 

 Punctariaceae (Fucoid Algae), containing 

 three (one doubtful) British species, P. la- 

 tifolia, plantaginea, and tenuissima, growing 

 on rocks and stones, consisting of membra- 

 nous, olive or brown, ribless fronds, 4 to 12" 

 long, 1 to 3" broad, having a shield-like 

 organ of attachment at the base. The fruc- 

 tification consists of sori scattered all over 

 the fronds in minute distinct dots, com- 

 posed of roundish sporanges (producing 

 zoospores) intermixed with paraphyses; 

 these sporanges are called spores in most 

 works. 



BIBL. Harvey, Mar. Alg. 41 and Phyc. 

 Brit. ; Greville, Alg. Brit. pi. 9. 



PUNCTARIACELE. -A family of Fu- 

 coideae. Root a minute naked disk ; frond 

 cylindrical, or flat, unbranched, cellular, 

 with ovate sporanges intermixed with jointed 

 threads in groups on the surface. British 

 Genera : 



Punctaria. Frond flat and leaf-like. 

 Sporanges scattered or in sori. 



Asperococcus. Frond membranous, tubu- 

 lar, either cylindrical or compressed. Spo- 

 ranges in dot-like sori. 



Litosiphon. Frond cartilaginous, fili- 



form, subsolid. Sporanges scattered, almost 

 solitary. 



PUS. Popularly known as " matter;" 

 one of the products of inflammatory exuda- 

 tion. 



Its general properties are too well known 

 to require description. Pus consists of an 

 albuminous liquid, containing a number of 

 minute corpuscles in suspension. These 

 consist of molecules and granules composed 

 of proteine compounds, fat or the earthy 

 phosphates, globules of fat of very various 

 sizes, and the proper pus-corpuscles or leu- 

 cocytes. Pus-corpuscles (PI. 38. fig. 4) are 

 spherical, from 1-2500 to 1-3500" in dia- 

 meter ; presenting a granular appearance on 

 the surface, and containing a number of 

 larger or smaller granules and a small 

 quantity of liquid. They are undistinguish- 

 able from the white corpuscles of the blood, 

 and may be considered as leucocytes. They 

 possess as protoplasmic masses the power 

 of spontaneous movement ; and migrate in 

 the tissues. They multiply by division. 

 When treated with acetic acid, they swell 

 up, and the granules become excessively 

 transparent, and ultimately vanish (PI. 38. 

 fig. 5), leaving from one to five, generally 

 two or three, round or oval nuclei, which 

 mostly present a dark margin and light 

 centre, giving them a cupped appearance, 

 indicating a diminution of refractive power 

 in the centre. The cupped centre is some- 

 times seen in the nuclei without acetic 

 acid, after the action of water only. 



In the pus of chronic abscesses, unhealthy 

 ulcers, &c. the corpuscles are often few, de- 

 formed and mixed with numerous granules 

 of proteine, fatty and calcareous matters, 

 crystals of cholesterine, of the ammonio- 

 phosphate of magnesia, and sometimes 

 monads and vibrios ; exudation-corpuscles 

 are occasionally present also. 



Pyoid corpuscles. Under this term 

 Lebert describes a modification of pus-cor- 

 puscles, consisting of a tolerably transparent 

 envelope, enclosing from eight to ten or 

 more small globules (PI. 38. fig. 6). Acetic 

 acid does not alter them, or at most only 

 renders them slightly more transparent. 

 The small globules are composed of a pro- 

 teine-compound ; for they are soluble in 

 potash. 



BIBL. That of CHEMISTRY, Animal; and 

 Lebert, Phys. Path.-, Rindfleisch, Path. 

 Hist. ; Green, Morb. Anat. 



See INFLAMMATION. 



PUSTULIP'ORA, Blainville.-A genus 



