QUIXQUELOCULIXA. [ Ql 



surface of the liquid, where they are allowed 

 to remain for twelve to twenty-four hours, 

 until they have acquired sufficient thickness. 

 The flask is then carefully removed without 

 shaking, and rested upon a gallipot. A 

 circular cover is next fastened by its edge to 

 the end of a glass rod with a little wax or 

 marine glue, and passed beneath one of the 

 crystalline films, the adherent mother-liquor 

 removed with blotting-paper, and the film 

 allowed to dry in a room at a temperature 

 of 45 to 50 F. The cover and film are 

 then placed under a small bell-glass, with a 

 watch-glass containing a few drops of 

 tincture of iodine. The time required for 

 the iodizing may be about three hours at 

 50 F., or less if the temperature be higher. 

 The film is then covered with a solution 

 of Canada balsam, in ether, saturated with 

 iodine by warming with a few crystals of 

 this substance, and allowing it to cool. 



Other films are removed and mounted in 

 the same manner. Should the films not 

 separate from the original liquid at the end 

 of six hours, this must be heated with a 

 spirit-lamp until the deposited crystals are 

 dissolved, a little spirit and a few drops 

 more tincture of iodine added, and the 

 liquid again set aside. 



If the film appear black when removed 

 on the cover, it is crossed by an adherent or 

 interposed crystal, which must be carefully 

 removed. 



These crystals are sold ready mounted, 

 and may be purchased at a very small cost. 

 Herapath proposes the production of the 

 crystal of the quinine-salt as a very delicate 

 test for the presence of quinine. A test- 

 liquid is first made w T ith 3 drachms of 

 acetic acid, 1 drachm of rectified spirit, and 

 6 drops of dilute sulphuric acid. A drop of 

 this is placed upon a slide and the alkaloid 

 added, and, when it is dissolved, a very 

 minute quantity of tincture of iodine added ; 

 after a time the salt separates in little 

 rosettes. 



BIBL. Herapath, Phil. Mag. 1852, iii. 

 161, iv. 186, and 1853, vi. 171 & 346; 

 Haidinger, ibid. 1853, vi. 284. 



QUINQUELOCULI'NA, D'Orb. One 

 of the modifications of Miliola, having its 

 chambers aggregated on two opposing faces, 

 as in Spiroloculina, but with their edges 

 more extended on the one side than on the 

 other, so that only three chambers are ap- 

 parent on one side, and five on the other. 

 Numerous Quinqueloculince occur recent 

 and fossil. Q. scminulum (PI. 23. fig. 5) 



] RALFSIA. 



is common in the European seas. Q. 

 Bronyniartii (fig. 6), having delicate striae, 

 is not uncommon in warmer seas. 



BIBL. Williamson, Foram. 85 (MilioKna) ; 

 Carpenter, For. 78. 



R. 



RACO'DIUM. See ANTENNARIA. 



RACOMIT'RIUM = TRICHOSTOMUM pt. 



RADIOLA'RIA, Miiller. An order of 

 Rhizopoda, including the Polycystina, 

 Acanthometrina, Thalassicollida, and Acti- 

 nophryina. They possess a siliceous test or 

 siliceous spicules, a central capsule and 

 peculiar yellow cells, and are provided with 

 long, protruding, radiating pseudopodia 

 which occasionally form meshes. See the 

 Families and RFIIZOPOBA. 



BIBL. Haeckel, Radiolarien, 1862 ; Greef, 

 Arch. mik. An. 1869, 1875. 



RAD'ULA, Dumort. A genus of Jun- 

 germanniese (Hepaticae), containing one 

 British species, .R. complanata (fig. 613), 



Fig. 613. 



Badula eomplanata. 



Leafy shoot with an immature and a burst capsule. 

 Magnified 5 diameters. 



common upon the trunks of trees, every- 

 where, forming orbicular pale-green patches 

 closely appressed to the bark. 



BIBL. Hook. Br. Jung. pi. 81 ; Br. Flor. 

 ii. pt. 1. p. 120 ; Ekart, Syn. Jung. pi. 4. 

 fig. 31; Endlicher, Gen. Plant., Supp. 1. 

 No. 472. 13 ; Leitgeb, Ber. Wien. Ak. 1871. 



RAD'ULUM. A genus of Hydnei (Hy- 

 menomycetous Fungi), consisting of a few- 

 species with irregular compressed teeth or 

 rude irregular tubercles. -R. orbiculare is 

 not infrequent on fallen branches of birch 

 and other trees, assuming various forms. 



BIBL. Fr. EL 148; Berk. Outl. 263; 

 Cooke, Hanrfb. 304. 



RALFSIA, Berk. A genus of Myrione- 



